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Ocular Motility
OM Midterm!
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Which muscles are elevators? | IO and SR |
| As a tertiary action, both rectus muscles does what action? | ADDuct |
| Which muscles ABduct the eyes as a tertiary action? | SO and IO |
| The Superior rectus muscle exhibits which action(s) in order from 1* 2* 3* positions | Elevation, intorsion, Adduction |
| The inferior oblique muscle exhibits which action(s) in order from 1* 2* 3* positions | Extorsion, elevation, ABduction |
| Which muscle does not have a secondary action? | Medial Rectus and Lateral Rectus |
| The distance in MM that the inferior rectus inserts in the the globe from the limbus | 6.5mm |
| The distance in mm that the superior oblique inserts into the globe from the limbus | 13.8-18 |
| The distance in mm that the lateral rectus inserts into the globe from the limbus | 7.7 |
| The superior oblique receives its innervation from which cranial nerve? | CN 4 (IV) |
| The Medial rectus receives its innervation from which cranial nerve? | CN 3 (III) |
| Which cranial nerve innervates the lateral rectus | CN 6 ( VI) |
| Sensory fusion involves | Stereo and worth 4 dot & haploscopic devices |
| Movement of both eyes in the same direction is called | Version |
| Sherrington's Law concerns the muscles of | ONE EYE ONLY- a muscle will relax when its opposite muscle (e.g., Medial rectus/Lateral Rectus) is activated |
| Vergences are | Movements of two eye in opposite directions |
| Define a yoke muscle | "team player" in the other eye |
| Hering's Law states | innervation to one muscle to contract generates an equal innervation to its yoke muscle in the other eye to contract. |
| Which muscles maintain a forward pulling force on the globe? | SO/IO |
| Which of the EOM's does not originate in the Annulus of Zinn? | Inferior Oblique |
| the movement of one eye by itself is called | Duction |
| If both eye are looking toward the nose, they are said be? | Converging |
| if a patient were look down and to the right which yoke muscles are contracting? | LSO/ RIR |
| If a pt. were looking up and to the left which yoke muscles are contracting? | LSR/ RIO |
| The RMR and LLR contact as yoke muscles in which gaze. | Left |
| Compensating for double vision by ignoring the image from the deviating eye is called | suppression |
| a phoria is exhibited when | fusion is disrupted |
| when performing a cover test, if the left is oved and the right eye is observed to move in a outward direction from an inward position. this indicates the presence of a(n): | RET |
| when performing the cover-uncover test, the left eye is uncovered and is observed to pick up fixation by moving in an inward direction from an outward postion. this indicates the presence of" | LXT |
| in seeking to measure the size of a right ESOtropia, you should place the prism before the right eye with the base | Base OUT |
| Brain attempts to develop a new binocularity to adapt to strabismus, abnormal retinal correspondence, is when the fovea of one eye and a non-foveal potion of the other eye work together to fuse an image. | ARC- Abnormal Retinal Correspondence |
| which technique(s) is used loose prisms to move a deviated corneal reflex back to the "normal" position as a means of measuring an eye alignment deviation? | Krimsky |
| When performing Krismky measurements____ is used to measurement ET deviations | Base out Prism |
| Which test used the corneal reflections in the two eyes to estimate the deviation | Hirschberg |
| If the light reflex is observed at the iris limbus, the estimate deviation would be: | 45* 90D |
| the bielschowsky 3 step test (B3ST) is used in vertical deviations to: | identify which cyclovertical muscle is at fault |
| Step 1 of the (B3ST) involves: | Determine which eye is hypertropic in primary postion |
| Step 2 of the (B3ST) involves: | Determine which of the hypertropia is worse in up or down gaze |
| Step 3 of the (B3ST) involves: | Determine which of the hypertropia is worse in head tilt to the right or left. |
| if the angle kappa is negative, the pupilary reflex will be seen on the | temporal side of the midline |
| a positive angle kappa indicates which kind of deviation | ESO |
| When performing the worth 4 dot test, the patient reports seeing three green dots. this response indicates | suppresion of the right eye |
| when perfroming the worth 4 dot test, the patient reports seeing four dots. this response indicates: | Fusion |
| while measuring a secondary deviation, which eye is fixating? | the poor eye |
| a vertical Maddox rod in front of the right eye will permit measurements of | a hyper deciation |
| with a horizontal maddox rod before the right eye, the patient sees a red line to the right of the dot, this would indicate: | esophoria |
| orthophoria refers to | NO DEVIATION |
| Cover testing can be useful for what kind of patients | Bilateral aphake, Bilateral pseudophake, and a Patient with suppression |
| Name the cardinal positions of gaze | Down and left, up and right, down and right, directly left, directly right |
| A patient who is unable to adduct the right eye probably has a weakness of which EOM | Right medial rectus |
| a comitant deviation is one which | is the same in all directions of gaze. |
| to test the RIR and the LSO, the patient must look | Down and to the right. |
| Depth Perception is | Mono or Binocular |
| Which is treatable Functional or Organic Amblyopia | Functional |
| Define Amblyopia in 3 words | Amblyopia of disuse |
| T/F an incomitant misalignment is an equal misalignment between eyes | FALSE |
| T/F A and V patterns are Exo and ESO misalignment's that are vertically incomitant | TRUE |
| A and V patterns are caused by over-actions of what kind of muscles | OBLIQUES |
| T/F V patterns have overaction of both IO | TRUE |
| T/F An " A" pattern with esotropia the ESOdeviation is worse in up gaze and less in down gaze | TRUE |
| T/F An "A" pattern with Exotropia, the Exodeviation less in up gaze, worse in down gaze | TRUE |
| T/F A "V" pattern with esotropia, the ESOdeviation is less in up gaze, and worse in down gaze | TRUE |
| T/F A "V" pattern with exotropia, the EXOdeviation is worse in up gaze, and less in down gaze | TRUE |
| To test the action of the inferior oblique muscle, the patient is instructed to look ____ and toward the ____. | Up, nose |
| Define Agonist | Primary mover |
| Define Synergist | "Helper" muscle same eye |
| Define Antagonist | Moves against the primary mover, same eye |
Created by:
Orange15