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the x-ray tube in the protective housing is made of __________________________
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What are the 4 essential elements required for x-ray production?
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RadiographyTest#2
Chapter 6 X-ray Circuit and Tube Heat Mgmt
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| the x-ray tube in the protective housing is made of __________________________ | Pyrex glass |
| What are the 4 essential elements required for x-ray production? | a target, a vacuum, an electron source and a high potential difference |
| The filament of an x-ray tube is made of _______ | a coil of tungsten wire |
| The target of the x-ray tube is made of ________ | tungsten |
| a device for removing long wavelength radiation from the primary x-ray beam is a _________ | filter |
| The "electron cloud" that surrounds the hot cathode is referred to as a ______________ | filament |
| When tungsten atoms are heated, their outermost electrons are moved out of the atom in space. This principle is called _____________ | thermonic emission |
| The anode or target, of the x-ray tube is _________ charged. | positively charged |
| The cathode end of the x-ray tube is ____________ charged | negatively charged |
| Most x-ray tubes ins use today have a std rotation speed of ________rpm. | 3,600 |
| What is the principal advantage of a high speed rotating anode? | More efficient heat dissipation |
| The greatest portion of the x-ray beam is made up of : _________________________. | Bremsstrahlung-produced radiation |
| Below what kVp level is characteristic radiation no longer produced? | 70 kVp |
| What is required to move the electron stream rapidly across the x-ray tube? | High potential difference |
| More than 99% of the energy applied to an x-ray is converted into __________ | heat |
| What percentage of the total energy applied to an x-ray tube target is converted in to x-rays? | 1% |
| Which of the following are the types of radiation produced in the anode? | Thermonic emission and heat |
| What type of radiation is produced in the anode by the sudden slowing and directional change of an incoming electron? | Bremsstrahlung radiation |
| What type of radiation is produced when an incoming electron interacts with the K-shell electron in the tungsten atom? | Characteristic radiation |
| The purpose of rotating the x-ray tube target is to ____________________________ | increase the heat capacity of the anode |
| The degree of angulation of the x-ray tube target will determine the __________ | effective focal spot |
| A smaller effective focal spot produces _________ | greater image sharpness |
| a larger actual focal spot produces ______________ | lower patient dose |
| Which of the following can be found on a dual focus x-ray tube? #1 two filaments, #2 two focal spot sizes #3 Two anodes Choose the correct answer from the below 1 and 2 only 1 and 3 only 2 and 3 only 1, 2, 3 | 1 and 2 only, two filaments and two focal spot sizes |
| The anode heel effect is a phenomenon of x-ray production that results in ___________________- | uneven distribution of radiation within the field |
| Taking into account the anode heel effect when making a recumbent AP radiograph of the femur (thigh bone) on a 14' 17 inch IR at 40 inches SID, the patient should be placed so that the __________ | head is toward the cathode end of the tube |
| The penetrating power of the x-ray beam is controlled by varying the __________________ | kilovoltage |
| The current across the x-ray tube is measured in unite of ___________________ | milliamperes |
| Which of the following occurs when the mA if doubled? #1 The number of x-ray photons decreases by 50% #2 Radiographic density increases #3 There are twice as many photons in the x-ray beam | 2 and 3 only |
| the mAs used for exposure determines the _____________________ | quantity of radiation in the exposure |
| When exposure time is very short, the time is usually measured in ______________ | milliseconds |
| The x-ray beam is made up of many different energy x-rays. This beam is referred to as | heterogenous |
| Which of the following statements is true regarding the characteristics of tungsten | tungsten has a high melting point |
| X-ray equipmt capable of producing 70 kVp or more must have how much equivalent aluminum filtration 0.5 mm Al equivalent 1.0 mm Al equiv 2.5 mm Al equiv 3.5 mm Al equiv | 0.5 mm Al equivalent |
| What is the primary advantage of x-ray beam filtration? | lowers patient dose |
| A steeper target angle provides _______________ | smaller effective focal spot |
| Filtration _________the average wavelength of the x-ray beam | decreases |
| The precise area on the target where the x-rays strike is called the __________________ | actual focal spot |
| Where is the electromagnetic induction motor used in the x-ray machine ______________ | to rotate the anode |
| the difference in x-ray intensity (or volume of x-rays) between the anode and the cathode side of the x-ray beam is ________ - 45% - 60% - 75% - 80% | 45% |
| The density in the radiographic image is primarily controlled by the ___________________- | mAs |
| the contrast in the radiographic image is controlled by the ___________________ | ma |
| Which of the following would be considered inherent filtration in the x-ray tube? 1. oil 2. Mirror 3. Pyrex glass 1 and 2 1 and 3 2 and 3 1,2,3 | 1 and 3 (oil and pyrex glass) |
| Which of the following would be considered added filtration in the x-ray tube? oil Pyrex glass Aluminum tungsten | aluminum |
| Free electrons at the cathode that are used for x-ray production come from the _______ (filament or target or anode or kilovoltage) | filament |
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aprilstreet