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6th Science Vocab
Science Vocabulary for 6th Grade Science in Texas
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Chemical Change | A change in the chemical composition of a substance |
| Chemical Symbol | A one, two, or three letter abbreviation that identifies a unique element |
| Compound | A molecule or substance containing two or more different elements |
| Element | A pure substance made up of only one kind of atom |
| Energy | The ability to do work or make change |
| Matter | A substance that has mass and volume and is composed of atoms |
| Physical Change | A change that alters the shape, size, or state of a substance but not its chemical composition |
| Precipitate | A solid substance that forms in a solution as a result of a chemical reaction |
| Brittle | Easily broken, cracked, or snapped |
| Conductor | An element or substance through which thermal and/or electrical energy can easily flow |
| Density | The measure of how much mass is contained in a given volume |
| Ductile | A characteristic describing the ability of an element or substance to be stretched |
| Hardness | A characteristic describing the ability of an element or substance to resist scratches |
| Insulator | An element or substance that resists the flow of thermal and/or electrical energy |
| Luster | A characteristic describing the shininess or reflectiveness of an element or substance |
| Malleable | Capable of being extended or shaped by beating with a hammer or by the pressure of rollers |
| Metal | An element or substance most often characterized by being highly conductive, lustrous, and highly malleable |
| Metalloid | An element or substance that shares the characteristics of a metal and nonmetal |
| Mineral | A naturally occurring inorganic solid with a definite chemical composition and crystal pattern |
| Nonmetal | An element or substance most often characterized by being non-conductive, dull, and brittle or gaseous |
| Physical Property | A characteristic or behavior of a substance that can be observed without changing the chemical composition of the substance |
| Streak | The color of the powder left behind when a mineral is rubbed against a rough surface. |
| Biomass | Biological matter generated by living or once living organisms; a source of alternative energy |
| Coal | A black mineral that is formed from decaying plant matter |
| Energy Source | A renewable or nonrenewable source of energy |
| Geothermal Energy | Energy generated using heat energy trapped beneath the Earth’s surface |
| Hydropower Energy | Energy that is generated from the motion of water |
| Inexhaustible | Unlimited supplies |
| Natural Gas | A fossil fuel generated over millions of years from the decomposition of organic matter |
| Nonrenewable Energy | A resource that is not replaced as it is used |
| Renewable Energy | A resource that is replaced naturally in a relatively short period of time |
| Nuclear Power | Energy generated using radioactive material |
| Oil | A thick, black, liquid fossil fuel formed from the remains of marine organisms that lived millions of years ago |
| Solar Energy | Energy generated by the Sun |
| Wind Energy | Energy generated using wind |
| Average Speed | The total distance traveled divided by the total time elapsed |
| Balanced Force | A force that is equally opposed by another force resulting in no change in the position, motion, or acceleration of an object |
| Energy | The ability to do work or make change |
| Force | A push or pull that acts on an object; anything that causes an object’s speed, velocity, or direction to change |
| Friction | The force that resists motion between two objects in contact |
| Inclined Plane | A slanted or tilted surface that acts as a simple machine |
| Kinetic Energy | Energy that an object has due to its motion |
| Motion | A change in an object’s position, direction, or location |
| Net Force | The sum of all forces acting on an object |
| Position | A point or area occupied by an object |
| Potential Energy | Stored energy or energy due to position |
| Pulley | A simple machine that uses a wheel with a grooved rim in which a rope can run to change the direction of the pull and lift a load |
| Speed | A measurement of the rate of change of position with respect to time; distance traveled per unit of time |
| Unbalanced Force | A force that is not equally opposed by another force and causes an object’s speed, acceleration, or position to change |
| Chemical Energy | Energy released during a chemical reaction; the energy stored in the chemical bonds of molecules |
| Conduction | The transfer of heat energy from one substance to another through direct contact; conduction can also occur within a substance |
| Convection | The movement of heat caused by density changes in liquids and gasses |
| Electrical Energy | The energy generated by moving electrical charges |
| Energy Transformation | Any change from one form of energy to another |
| Law of Conservation of Energy | The law that states that energy is neither created nor destroyed; energy is only transformed |
| Light Energy | The radiant energy of electromagnetic waves in the visible portion of the electromagnetic spectrum |
| Mechanical Energy | The total potential and kinetic energy in a machine system |
| Radiation | The direct transfer of energy through empty space by electromagnetic waves |
| Sound Energy | Energy produced by sound vibrations (waves of pressure) |
| Thermal Energy | The energy of motion in the molecules of a substance |
| Asthenosphere | The soft layer of the mantle on which the lithosphere floats |
| Crust | The rocky layer forming the outermost shell of the Earth |
| Igneous | A type of rock that forms from the cooling of molten rock at or below the surface |
| Inner Core | The dense sphere of solid iron and nickel in the center of the Earth |
| Lithosphere | A rigid layer made of the uppermost part of the Earth’s mantle and crust |
| Mantle | A thick, viscous layer of semisolid rock that is found between the crust and the core |
| Metamorphic | A type of rock that forms from an existing rock that changes due to heat, pressure, or chemical reaction |
| Outer Core | A layer of liquid nickel and iron that rests between the inner core and the mantle |
| Plate Boundary | The place where two tectonic plates meet |
| Sedimentary | A type of rock that forms when particles of other rocks or the remains of plants and animals are pressed and cemented together |
| Tectonic Plate | A section of the lithosphere that moves slowly over the asthenosphere, carrying pieces of continental and oceanic crust |
| Asteroid | Rocky objects revolving around the Sun that are smaller than planets |
| Comet | A celestial object composed of ice, frozen gases, dust and rock that leaves a distinctive tail as it orbits the Sun. |
| Galilean Moons | Four of Jupiter’s largest moons discovered by Galileo in 1610 |
| Gravity | A force created by all objects with mass that pulls other objects to it |
| Inertia | The tendency of an object in motion to remain in motion or an object at rest to remain at rest |
| Meteor | A meteoroid that has entered Earth’s atmosphere and generates a streak of light |
| Orbit | The path of an object in space as it revolves around another object in space |
| Planet | A celestial body with sufficient gravity to mold itself into a spherical shape and clear the area around it of small debris |
| Revolve | To travel around an object |
| Solar System | A collection of planets and other celestial bodies revolving around a star |
| Star | A spherical body of gas with enough mass and gravity to trigger nuclear fusion that generates immense energy and light |
| Sun | The star in which the Earth and other planets in our solar system revolve |
| Abiotic | Nonliving factor, material, or process |
| Asexual Reproduction | Reproductive process that involves only one parent and produces offspring that are identical to the parent |
| Autotrophic | The ability of an organism to synthesize the organic compounds needed for energy without consuming other organisms as food |
| Biotic | Matter that is either living or generated by living organisms |
| Cell | The basic unit of structure and function of organisms |
| Community | An interacting group of different species in a common location |
| Domain | The highest taxonomic category in biological classification ranking above Kingdom |
| Ecosystem | A community of organisms and their nonliving environment |
| Eukaryotic | Cells containing a nucleus |
| Heterotrophic | The dependence of an organism on external energy sources that must be consumed as food |
| Kingdom | The broadest level of taxonomic organization below Domain |
| Multicellular | Composed of many cells |
| Nucleus | An organelle found in some cells that regulates the cell’s activity and stores its genetic information |
| Organism | Any form of life; must be able to reproduce, grow, respond to stimuli, and keep homeostasis |
| Population | A group of individuals belonging to one species occupying a defined area |
| Prokaryotic | Cells lacking a nucleus |
| Sexual Reproduction | A type of reproduction involving the combination of genetic material from two parents resulting in a genetically unique offspring |
| Unicellular | Composed of only one cell |
Created by:
dmiles