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mcat Attention
psych/soc attention PR
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| information listened to | attended |
| information not listened to | unattended |
| thought brain was limited capacity, processsed system, and able to be mapped | Donald Broadbent |
| inputs-->sensory buffer-->selective filter-->bottleneck-->higher level processing-->working memory | Broadbent Filter Model of Selective Attention |
| inputs-->sensory storage-->attenuating filter-->bottleneck with attenuated message-->higher level processing-->working memory | Anne Triesman's Attenuation Model |
| believed mind has a volume knob instead of a filter | Anne Triesman |
| another explanation for cocktail party | selective priming |
| suggests that people are primed to observe something | selective priming |
| have a limited pool of resources on which to draw when performing tasks, both modality-specific resources and general resources | resource model of attention |
| way to solve task difficulty | practice |
| tasks that are not multitasked | controlled tasks |
| concerned mostly with link between stimulus and response | behaviorism |
| models with few basic assumptions, concerned with mind | information-processing models |
| 4 components of Alan Baddeley's model of short-term memory, or working memory | phonological loop, visuospatial sketchpad, episodic buffer, and central executive |
| repeating verbal info to help remember | phonological loop |
| repeating mental images to help remember | visuospatial sketchpad |
| info in working memory interacts with info in long-term memory | episodic buffer |
| overseer of entire process of working memory & shifts and divides attention | central executive |
| mental frameworks that shape and are shaped by experrience | schemas, Piaget |
| conforming new experiences into schemas | assimilate |
| adjust schemas to understand new experience | accomodate |
| sensorimotor stage | birth-2, looking, touching, mouthing, grasping; object permanence & stranger anxiety |
| activation synthesis theory | dreaming are byproducts of REM sleep |
| psychological dependence vs. physical dependence | use of drug in response to painful stimuli vs evidence of withdrawl |
| "pleasure" center of brain | nucleus accumbens |
| yerkes-dodson law | people respond best when moderately stimulated, emotion is bell currve |
| james-lange theory of emotion | physiological and behavioral responses lead to cognitive aspect |
| cannon-bard theory | physiological & cognitive occur simultaneously and independently |
| schatchter-signer theoery | physiological arousal then conscious cognitive interpretation based on circumstances |
| controls physiological aspect of emotion | hypothalamus |
| emotional control center | amygdala |
| controls approach and avoidance behaviors | prefrontal cortex |
| part of brain responsible for forming memories & emotional memory | hippocampus |
| involved with executive functions | prefrontal cortex |
| how stress is interpreted by the individual | appraisal |
| a sense of exhaustion and lack of belief in one's ability to manage situations | learned helplessness |
| Skinner's behaviorist language | by operant conditioning |
| Chomsky's innate feature unique to human language that allows for mastery when learned early childhood | language acquisition device, later termed universal grammar |
| brain part involved with comprehension of speech and written language | wernicke's area |
| part of brain in mechanics of speaking, want to speak but unable to do so | Broca's area |
| when we dream | REM |
| symbolic versions of underlying latent content | manifest content, Freud |
| unconscious drives and wishes difficult to express | latent content, Freud |
| dreams are by-products of brain activation | activation-synthesis theory |
| when physiological reaction precedes and gives rise to emotional experience | James-Lange theory |
| stage 2 sleep characteristics | K-complexes large, slow waves and sleep spindles high frequency have activity |
| stage 3 sleep characteristics | delta waves high amplitude |
| cognitive assessment of situation before emotion | schacteer-signer |
| physiological responses & emotion simultaneously | cannon-bard |
| emotion before physiological responses | no theory of emotion |
Created by:
Rocks2278