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Anatomy unit 2
chapters 16-18
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| The formation of lymph increases as a result of | increasing hydrostatic pressure in tissue fluid. |
| The structure of a lymphatic vessel is most similar to that of a(n) | vein |
| Following a primary immune response, the cells that give rise to memory cells are | both B cells and T cells. |
| In an autoimmune disease, the immune response is directed toward | cells of the body ("self"). |
| Henry has a cut on his thigh that becomes infected. The lymph nodes in his __________ enlarge. | inguinal region |
| A vaccine can halt an infection in a population if most everyone is vaccinated due to | herd immunity. |
| An immune response that is slower but more specific for the pathogen is the | adaptive defense. |
| A primary immune response ______, and a secondary immune response ______. | produces antibodies within five to ten days of exposure to antigens; produces antibodies within a day or two of a subsequent exposure to the same antigen |
| Interferon is a group of hormonelike peptides that cells produce in response to | viruses |
| Tissue fluid is ______ and lymph is ______. | forced out of blood plasma and generally lacking in proteins; absorbed into lymph capillaries |
| A transplant recipient may be able to eventually discontinue immunosuppressant drugs if | the donor received a well-matched transplant from the recipient. |
| Innate defenses are | fast and non specific. |
| Which of the following is the correct sequence 4 the digestion and absorption of lipids? 1. Formation of chylomicrons 2. Emulsification by bile 3. Dissolved in the epithelial cell membrane Hydrolysis by pancreatic lipase Movement into lacteal ducts | 2, 4, 3, 1, 5 |
| Elliot thought that his peptic ulcers were caused by his nagging parents, and was surprised when the doctor handed him a prescription for medication to treat | a bacterial infection. |
| Edith suffers from severe heartburn. She goes to her physician and is diagnosed with a hiatal hernia. This condition affects her | diaphragm. |
| David has sustained severe damage to his liver in a car accident. Digestion of which nutrient will be most affected? | Lipids |
| All of the enzymes that digest protein are | secreted in an inactive form. |
| Pancreatic digestive secretions are regulated by | cholecystokinin. |
| Lydia is taking an antihistamine for her allergies and develops xerostomia. She has | dry mouth. |
| Because of their location, swollen palatine tonsils may interfere with | both breathing and swallowing. |
| Bile salts function like detergents in that they ___________ fat globules. | emulsify |
| Salivary amylase digests | carbohydrates. |
| Individuals at highest risk for developing anorexia nervosa are | adolescents |
| After eating, _________ signals the hypothalamus to suppress appetite. | leptin |
| Vitamin D deficiency in children produces scurvy. | false |
| Which of the following is a trace element? | Iron |
| Amino acids can be used to synthesize proteins for cellular structures and for energy, and to synthesize proteins that function in various body processes. | true |
| The most abundant major minerals are potassium and sodium. | false |
| Vanessa takes many vitamin supplements, claiming that they give her energy. She is mistaken, because cells preferentially use _______ for energy. | carbohydrates |
| Treatment with antibiotic drugs is sometimes followed by a deficiency of vitamin | K |
| Cholesterol is synthesized chiefly in the liver. | true |
| BMR | rises from birth to age five, then declines, then peaks in adolescence, then drops during adulthood. |
| Ribose and deoxyribose are carbohydrates. | true |
| The B vitamins are | essential for normal cellular metabolism. involved in the oxidation of carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins. grouped because they are in the same foods. |
| what are lymphatic trunks? | drain lymph from lymphatic vessles |
| lumbar lymphatic trunk? | drains from the lower limbs and lower abdominal wall |
| intestinal lymphatic trunk? | drains abdominal viserca |
| intercostal and bronchomediastinal lymphatic trunk? | portions of the thorax |
| jugular lymphatic trunk? | portions of the head and neck |
| collecting lymphatic ducts? | thoracic and lymphatic duct |
| how many lymph nodes does the skin have? | many and thereby foreign substances can enter easily |
| what type of fluid is lymph like? | plasma except it is missing plasma proteins |
| what causes the formation of lymph? | the filtering of plasma and hydrostatic pressure causing extra tissue water to come in |
| too much tissue fluid? | edema |
| how does lymph play a role in digestion? | absorbs dietary fats |
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