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Great Depression(2)
U.S. History
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is the political term for the last few months of a defeated office holder? | Lame Duck |
| Who was the former New York governor who roused the nation to action against the depression with his appeal to the "forgotten man?" | Franklin D. Roosevelt |
| In Roosevelt"s 1932 presidential campaign promised to aid the ordinary person by doing what? | Balancing Federal Budget and provide jobs |
| What was the term used by FDR in his 1932 acceptance speech that came to describe his whole reform program? | New Deal |
| Who were FDR's reform-minded intellectual advisers, who conceived much of the New Deal legislation? | Brain Trust |
| Who was a great personal and political asset to Roosevelt and in what areas did she make her influence felt? | Eleanor Roosevelt; impoverished and dispersed people |
| In what direction was the economy going in the months immediately before Roosevelt's inauguration? | Down |
| The Roosevelt landslide of 1932 included the shift of what traditional group of Republicans into the Democratic camp? What other groups made up his coalition? | African Americans, Catholics, Jews, and Lower income |
| What was the special session of Congress in early 1933 that passed vast quantities of Roosevelt-initiated legislation? | Hundred Days Congress |
| What was Roosevelt's first bold action of the Hundred Days that was designed to stop panic and prepare reforms? | declaring a national bank holding |
| What were Roosevelt's monetary reforms designed to do? When? | To get off Gold Standard, 1934 |
| What was the primary purpose of the Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC)? | Provide jobs for the young people |
| Who was the "microphone messiah" of Michigan whose mass radio appeals turned anti-New Deal and anti-Semitic? | Father Loughlin |
| Who was the Louisiana senator and popular mass agitator who promised to make "every man a king" at he expense of the wealthy? | Huey ("King Fish") Long |
| What was a large federal employment program,established in 1935 under Harry Hopkins, that provided jobs in areas from road building art? What was Hopkins' original occupation? | Works Progress Administration(WPA), Hopkins was in a social settlement house he was a New York Social Worker |
| What was the primary agriculture problem of the Great Depression? | to much production |
| In addition to the natural forces of drought and wind, the Dust Bowl of the 1930s was also caused by what? | excessive (dry) farming and mechanization |
| Who was the writer whose best-selling novel portrayed the suffering of the dust bowl "Okies" in the Thirties? | John Steinbeck |
| What was a sharp criticism of the Agricultural Adjustment Administration? | Farmers paid not to grow crops |
| What was the widely displayed symbol of the national Recovery Administration(NRA) which attempted to reorganize and reform U.S. industry? | Blue Eagle |
| What is the Supreme Court ruling of 1935 that struck down a major New Deal industry-and-labor agency? | Schechter Case "Sick Chickens" |
| Who was a former Bull Moose progressive who spent billions of dollars on public building projects while carefully guarding against waste? | Harold Ickes |
| What two early New Deal programs were declared unconstitutional by the Supreme Court? | National Recovery Administration(NRA) and Agricultural Adjustment Administration(AAA). |
| What did the so-called "Indian New Deal" emphasize? | Local tribal self-government and recovery of Indian culture |
| What two agencies were designed to impose new federal regulations to reform corrupt or self-serving business practices that injure the public? | Security and exchange commission and public utility holding company |
| What major New Deal program attempted to provide flood control, economic development, and electric power in competition with private utilities in the Tennessee River Valley thus drawing strong conservative criticism? | Tennessee Valley Authority(TVA) |
| What provided pensions for older people, the blind, and other categories of citizens? | Social Security |
| What committee used sympathetic New Deal laws such as the Wagner Act (National Labor Relations Act) and the National Labor Relations Board to unionize many unskilled workers previously ignored by the American Federation of Labor(AF of L)? When? | Committee for Industrial Organization; 1935 |
| Who was the domineering boss of the mine workers' union who launched the CIO? | John Lewis |
| What was the dramatic CIO labor action in 1936 that forced the auto industry to recognize unions? | General Motors Sit-Down Strike |
| What New Deal agency was established to provide a public watchdog against deception and fraud in stock trading? | Security and Exchange Commission |
| What was the lopsided but bitter campaign that saw disadvantaged economic groups lined up in a kind of "class warfare" against those better off? | Election of 1936 |
| What was an organization of wealthy Republican and conservative Democrats whose attacks on the New Deal caused Roosevelt to denounce them as "economic royalists" in the campaign of 1936? | American Liberty League |
| Who was the Republican who carried only two states against "The Champ" in 1936? | Landon |
| What was Roosevelt's scheme for gaining Supreme Court approval of New Deal legislation? When? | Court Packing |
| When did the New Deal begin to lose momentum and run into increasing opposition from an enlarged Republican bloc in Congress? | After 1938 |
| What Roosevelt action caused him to lose much of the political momentum for the New Deal? | Court Packing |
| Who was the Supreme Court justice whose "switch in time" to support New Deal legislation helped undercut FDR's Court-packing scheme? | Justice Roberts |
| What had happened to the U.S. national debt as a result of "deficit spending?" | It doubled |
| By 1939 what had happened to unemployment? | Stayed high |
| Who was the British economist whose theories helped justify New Deal deficit spending? | John Maynard Keynes |
| What caused the "Roosevelt Depression," which brought unemployment back up to catastrophic levels? | 1937 cut back on spending to soon to do that |
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leah_boiardi