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RSM Chp. Four
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| atom | is the smallest particle of an element |
| electron | the negatively charged particles |
| nucleus | a tiny region in the center of the atom |
| proton | positively charged particles in the nucleus |
| energy level | an electron's movement is related to the specific amount of energy in an atom |
| neutron | particle inside the nucleus of an atom with no electrical charge and the nearly the same mass as a proton |
| atomic number | the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom |
| isotope | atoms of the same lement that have different numbers of neutrons. |
| mass number | is the sum of the protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom |
| atomic mass | is the average mass of all the isotopes of an element. |
| periodic table | is an arrangement of the elements showing the repeating pattern of their properties. |
| period | the periodic table is organized in horizontal rows |
| group | the vertical columns of the periodic table consisting of elements with similar characteristic. Also known as a family |
| chemical symbol | is a representation of an element usually consisting of one or two letters |
| metal | are elements that are good conductors of electric current and heat |
| malleable | is a material that can be hammered or rolled into flat sheets or other shapes |
| ductile | is a material that can be pulled out, or drawn, into a long wire |
| thermal conductivity | is the ability of an object to transfer heat |
| electrical conductivity | the ability of an object to transfer electric current by free flowing electrons |
| reactivity | the ease and speed with which a substance reacts with other substances |
| corrosion | the gradual wearing away of a metal due to a chemical reaction |
| alkali metal | the metals of Group 1 from Li to Fr....so reactive that they are never found as uncombined elements in nature, only as compounds. |
| alkaline earth metal | the metals of Group 2 and are reactive, but less than Group 1 |
| transition metal | the elements in Group 3 - Group 12. Most are never found uncombined in nature |
| particle accelerator | move atomic nuclei faster and faster until they have reached very high speeds used in synthesizing new elements by colliding neulei |
| nonmetal | is an element that lacks most of the properties of a metal. |
| diatomic molecule | a molecule that consists of two atoms |
| halogen | means salt forming Group 17 F- astatine... |
| inert gas | Group 18 do ordinarily form compounds because atoms do not gain, lose or share elections and are highly un-reactive |
| semimetal | have properties of metals but also have properties that are typical of nonmetals. |
| semiconductor | substances that can conduct electric current under some conditions but not under other conditions |
| radioactive decay | the atomic nuclei of unstable isotopes release fast-moving particles and energy |
| radioactivity | spontaneously emits radiation |
| alpha particle | consists of two protons and two neutrons and is positively charged |
| beta particle | is a fast-mvong electron given off by a nucleus during radioactive decay |
| gamma radiation | constist of high-energy waves, similar to X-rays. |
| tracer | are radioactive isotopes that be followed through the steps of a chemical reaction or industrial process. |
Created by:
gayledains
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