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College Speech
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| theory that views communication as a one-way process in which a source conveys an encoded message through a channel to a receiver, ho then decoded that message | linear model of communication |
| the person responsible for inventing the idea on which he or she intends to speak and crafting that idea to an audience | source |
| taking an abstract notion and providing it meaning through the application of symbols | encoding |
| the content or idea that the source tries to convey to the audience | message |
| the medium through which an encoded message is transmitted from a source to a receiver | channel |
| the person or audience that a message is being transmitted to | receiver |
| the process of drawing meaning from the symbols that were used to encode a message | decoding |
| anything that can change the message after the source encoded and sends it | noise |
| communication theory that views communication as a two-way process that included feedback and the environment | interactive model of communication |
| the receiver's response to a message that is sent to the sender | feedback |
| the context in which the communication process takes place | environment |
| the theory that views communication as a constant process in which all parties simultaneously play the roles of sender and receiver | transactional model of communication |
| taking the intellectual achievements of another person and presenting them as one's own | plagiarism |
| taking an entire piece of work and saying that it is your own | global plagiarism |
| using part of someone else's work and not citing it as a source | incremental plagiarism |
| taking ideas from more than one piece of work and putting them together into a new piece of work, and then presenting then as original work without giving due credit to the sources | patchwork plagiarism |
| taking original source material and changing a few words in it, but not enough to consider it a paraphrase, all the while not citing the original source material | patchworking |
| a persistent, irrational fear of a specific object, activity, or situation that leads to a compelling desire to avoid | phobia |
| the fear or anxiety associated with real or anticipated communication with another or others | communication apprehension |
| convincing yourself that something is going to happen before it does, thus leading to the occurrence of what you originally expected | self-fulfilling prophecy |
| the process whereby a person is slowly introduced to a fear such that each time he or she overcomes the fear the intensity is decreases | systematic desensitization |
| a brief statement representing what you aim to do with the speech; there are three types | general purpose statement |
| to create a list of possible topics and keep adding to this list as you think of new ideas | brainstorm |
| also known as a mind map, is a visual representation of the potential areas that you could cover in a speech | concept map |
| a narrower version of the general purpose statement that identifies what you will talk about, what you will say about it, and what you hope the audience will take away from the speech | specific purpose statement |
| an unfair preference or distortion of information | bias |
| using words such as "and" "but" and "or" when typing in search terms to focus the results | Boolean operator |
| categories or definable characteristics of groups of people, such as age, race, religion, socioeconomic status, education level, and sexual orientation | demographics |
| device that assists speakers, such as microphone, podium, lectern, or lighting | speaking tools |
| a raised platform which the speaker stands on | podium |
| a table at which people sin in the front of the room | dais |
| the stand behind which people speak and on which they place their noted | lectern |
| constructed by the speaker for the occasion; concerns ethos, pathos, and logos | artistic proof |
| the credibility of the speaker | ethos |
| the emotional dimension of the appeal that can influence an audience's disposition toward a topic, speaker, or occasion | pathos |
| the logical dimension of the appeal | logos |
| all the evidence, data, and documents that exist outside the speaker and the audience, but nevertheless can aid in persuasion | inartistic proof |
| an example that is factual | real example |
| an example that is fictional | hypothetical example |
| an example that makes a very quick point and can be effective at any point in the speech | brief example |
| an example that takes time; that importance lies in the details | extended example |
| numbers that summarize and organize sets of numbers to make them easier to understand and visualize | statistics |
| statistics that indicate where the middle of a distribution lies, including the mean, medial and mode | measure of central tendancy |
| the average of all the scores in a distribution, which is calculated by adding all the scores and then dividing by the total number of scores | mean |
| the middle number is a distribution of numbers | median |
| the score that appears the most often in a distribution on numbers | mode |
| a measure of variability that indicated how spread appear the numbers are in a distribution | standard deviation |
| using the words of other people as evidence | testimony |
| testimony from someone who has conducted extensive research on the topic, has significant experience with the topic, or holds a position that lends credibility to his or her ideas on the subject matter | expert testimony |
| testimony fro someone who is in the same peer group as the audience, but who is not necessarily an expert on the topic | peer testimony |
| process of creating ideas in a hierarchy of ideas in which the most general ideas appear first, followed by more specific ideas | subordination |
| all information on the same level has the same significance | coordination |
| principle that if a point is divided into sub points, there must be two or more sub points | division |
| a carefully worded one-sentence summary of exactly what you will cover in your speech | thesis |
| connective statements that signal you are finished with one point and moving onto another | transition |
| a statement that summarizes what you already have covered and preceded transition | internal summary |
| key words that signal to the audience that your are moving from one part of the speech to another | signposts |
| serves as an outline of what is to come next in a speech and is often combined with transition statements | internal preview |
| the final statement of your speech | clincher |
Created by:
hannakay05