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National Income
Measuring National Income
Term | Definition |
---|---|
What is National Income? | is the income accruing to the permanent residents of a country from current economic activity from supplying the factors of production during a specific period which is usually one year |
What are the three methods of calculating national income? | The income method, the expenditure method and the production/output method. |
What are the precautions when calculating the income method? | 1. Transfer payments are excluded as no factor of production has been provided 2. Benefit-in-kind should be included 3. Contributory workers' pensions are included as they are a payment for work done in the past. |
What are the precautions when calculating the expenditure method? | Second hand goods - The purchase of second hand goods if included in GNP when new is now not included |
What are the precautions when calculating the production/output method? | 1. Double counting - An economist must only calculate the value added by each firm and not the total output to prevent double counting 2. Only goods/services sold in the marketplace are included |
What is Gross Domestic Product at Factor Cost? | The total value of input or expenditure within the country as a result of engaging in current economic activity in one year, valued at payments to factors of production. |
What is Gross Domestic Product at Market Prices? | The total value of input or expenditure within the country as a result of engaging in current economic activity in one year, valued at current market prices |
What is Gross National Product at Factor Cost? | The total value of output or expenditure valued at payments to factors of production, produced by Irish-owned factors of production |
What is Gross National Product at Market Prices? | The total value of output or expenditure valued at today’s market prices, produced by Irish-owned factors of production, before any adjustments are made for taxation, subsidies or depreciation |
What is the difference between GNP and GDP? | Net factor income from abroad |
What is Gross National Income? | GNI is comprised of domestic and foreign income earned by the resident population of a country |
What is Net National Product? | NNP is the total joint product of the resources of land, labour, capital and enterprise for a period of time (usually one year). It is the same as national income |
What are the uses of National Income Statistics? | 1. Indication of alterations to our standard of living 2. Comparison mechanism 3. Formulating economic policy 4. Effective research 5. Evaluating economic policy 6. EU budget contributions/benefits |
What are the limitations of National Income Statistics? | 1. Population distortions 2. Inflation/deflation is not taken into account 3. Welfare is not taken into account 4. Employment/Unemployment 5. Levels of taxation 6. Hidden social costs 7. Distribution of GNP 8. Government services at cost price |