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Skin Structure
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Acne | Also known as acne vulgaris; skin disorder characterized by chronic inflamation of the sebaceous glands from retained secretions and Propionibacterium acnes (P. ances) bacteria. |
| Arrector pili muscles | Small, invoulentary muscles in the base of the hair follicle that cause goose flesh, sometimes called goose bumps, and papillae. |
| Callus | Thickening of the skin caused by continued, repeated pressure on any part of the skin, especially the hands and feet. |
| Collagen | Fibrous protein that gives the skin form and strength. |
| Comedo (plural: comedones) | Also known as blackhead; hair follicle filled with keratin and sebum. |
| Dermal papillae (singular: dermal papilla) | Small, cone-shaped elevations at the base of the hair follicles that fit into the hair bulb. |
| Dermatologist | Physician who specializes in diseases and disorders of the skin, hair and nails. |
| Dermatology | Medical branch of science that deals with the study of skin and its nature, structure, functions, diseases, and treatment. |
| Dermis | Also known as derma, corium, cutis, or true skin; underlying or inner layer of the skin. |
| Elastin | Protien base similar to collagen that forms elastic tissue. |
| Epidermal-dermal junction | The top layer of the papillary layer where it joins the epidermis. |
| Epidermis | Outermost and thinnest layer of the skin; it is made up of five layers: stratum corneum, stratum lucidum, stratum granulosum, stratum spinosum, and stratum germintivum. |
| Esthetician | A specialist in the cleansing, beautification, and preservation of the health of skin on the entire body, including the face and neck. |
| Eumelanin | A type of melanin that is dark brown to black in color. People with dark-colored skin mostly produce eumelanin. There are two types of melanin; the other type is pheomelanin. |
| Keratin | Fibrous protien of cells that is also the principal component of hair and nails. |
| Melanin | Tiny grains of pigment (coloring matter) that are produced by melanocytes and deposited into cells in the stratum germinativum layer of the epidermis and in the papillary layers of the dermis. There are two types of melanin: pheomelanin, which is red to y |
| Melanocytes | Cells that produce the dark skin pigment called malamin. |
| Motor nerve fibers | Fibers of the motor nerves that are distributed to the arrector pili muscles attatched to hair follicles. Motor nerves carry impulses from the brain to the muscles. |
| Papillary layer | Outer layer of the dermis, directly beneath the epidermis. |
| Papule | Also known as pimple; small elivation on the skin that contains no fluid but may develop pus. |
| Pheomelanin | A type of melanin that is red to yellow in color. People with light-colored skin mostly produce pheomelanin. There are two types of melanin; the other type is eumelanin. |
| Propionibacterium acnes | Abbreviated P. acnes; technical term for acne bacteria. |
| Pustule | Raised, inflamed papule with a white or yellow center containing pus in the top of the lesion reffered to as the head of the pimple. |
| Reticular layer | Deeper layer of the dermis that supplies the skin with oxygen and nutrients; contains fat cells, blood vessels, sudoriferous (sweat) glands, hair follicles, lymph vessels, arrector pili muscles, sebaceous (oil) glands, and nerve endings. |
| Sebaceous glands | Also known as oil glands; glands connected to hair follicles. Sebum is the fatty or oily secretion of the sebaceous glands. |
| Sebum | A fatty or oily secretion that lubricates the skin and preserves the softness of the hair. |
| Secretory coil | Coiled base of the sudoriferous (sweat) gland. |
| Secretory Nerve fibers | Fibers of the secretory nerve that are distributed to the sudoriferious glands and sebaceous glands. Secretory nerves, which are part of the autonomic nervous system (ANS), regulate the execretion of persperation from the sweat glands and control the flow |
| Sensory nerve fibers | Fibers of the sensory nerves that react to heat, cold, touch, pressure, and pain. Sensory receptors that send messages to the brain. |
| Stratum Corneum | Also known as horny layer; outer layer of the epidermis |
| Stratum Germinativum | Also known as basal cell layer; deepest, live layer of the epidermis that procedures new epidermal skin cells and is responsible for growth. |
| Stratum Granulosum | Also known as granular layer; layer of the epidermis composed of cells that look like granules and are filled with keratin; replaces cells and shed from the stratum corneum. |
| Stratum Lucidum | Clear, transparent layer of the epidermis under the stratum corneum. |
| Stratum Spinosum | The spiny layer just above the stratum germinativum layer. |
| Subcutaneous tissue | Also known as adipose or subcutis tissue; fatty tissue found below the dermis that gives smootness and contour to the body, contains fat for use as energy, and also acts as a protective cushion for the outer skin. |
| Sudoriferous glands | Also known as sweat glands; excrete perspiration and detoxify the body by excreting excess salt and unwanted chemicals. |
| Tactile Corpuscles | Small epidermal structures with nerve endings that are sensitive to touch and pressure. |
| Vitamin A | Supports the overall health of the skin; Aids in health, function, and repair of skin cells; has been shown to improve the skin's elasticity and thickness. |
| Vitamin C | An important substance needed for proper repair of the skin and tissues; promotes the production of collagen in the skin's dermal tissues; aids in and promotes the skin's healing process. |
| Vitamin D | Enables the body to properly absorb and use calcium, the clement needed for proper bone development and maintenance. Vitamin D also promotes rapid healing of the skin. |
| Vitamin E | Helps protect the skin from the harmful effects of the sun's UV light. |
Created by:
thomsonmorgan22