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Tech-Ed Bridges
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| because our ancestors were wanderers, their first construction projects were probably | bridges |
| every bridge ever constructed have the same four stresses to overcome: | tensile stress, compression stress, shear stress, torsion stress |
| forces that twist and bend are | torsion stress |
| forces that push or squeeze material together are | compression stress |
| forces that stretch and pull apart are | tensile stress |
| forces that make materials tear and slide by each other are | shear stress |
| a bridge that blew down in Tacoma, Washington moved around so badly that before it blew down, it was called | "Galloping Gertie" |
| When a Heavy load is put on a bridge, the material on top is? While those on the bottom are acted on by? | compression forces - tension forces |
| In modern bridges the two most often used materials are | steel and concrete |
| steel bridge parts are often in the shape of a box or an "I". These shapes are called | girders |
| concrete is a mixture of | sand, stone, cement, and water |
| concrete has good what properties? but is poor in? | compression - tension |
| Thaddeus Hyatt discovered that what put near the bottom of a concrete beam would give more support for the beam? | steel rods |
| what are the three kinds of bridges? | beam, arch, suspension |
| When rods, wires, or cables are put inside a drying concrete beam and tightened before the concrete dries, the result is known as | pre-stressed concrete |
| when steel beams are laid between two piers or supports, the bridge is known as a | ginder beam bridge |
| when a beam bridge supports a middle beam, the bridge is known as a | cantilever beam bridge |
| when a beam bridge uses a series of triangular shapes to support a beam, the bridge is known as a | truss beam bridge |
| the stone used in the top of a stone arch bridge is known as | keystone |
| bridges that hold the road surface by cables are known as | suspension bridges |
| suspension bridges are usually used over | long distances |
| a bridge that suspends the road surface from only one tower is called a | cable-stayed bridge |
| what is the name of the reinforced tube that is used to build a bridge pier in water? | caisson |
| when designing a bridge, four things must be considered: | terrain, reason, length of span, and weather |