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Spanish Part 6
Part 6 Doing It Right Now: Gerunds And The Present Progressive
Question | Answer |
---|---|
Gerund | a verb form ending in -ing that is sometimes used in the present progressive tense in Spanish. |
Gerund's Purpose In Spanish | It can represent "while" or "by" + a present participle Present participle: an English verb form ending in -ing |
Se puede aprender mucho viajando. | One can learn a lot while traveling. |
Estudiando, él salió bien en su examen. | By studying, he passed the test. |
Note About Gerunds Used As An Adjective | Spanish Gerunds can represent past participles as adjectives. |
Esa niña, quien está tocando el piano, es mi hermana. | This girl, who is playing the piano, is my sister. |
Spanish endings for Spanish Gerunds | -ar, -er, and -ir |
Nadar es mi pasatiempo favorito. | Swimming is my favorite pastime |
How To Form Gerunds In Spanish | 1. Drop the -ar from -ar verb infinitives and add -ando (aka "ing" ending) 2. Drop the -er or -ir from -er or -ir verb infinitives and add -iendo (aka "ing") |
Note If The -er or -ir verb ends in a vowel | Drop the ending and add -yendo ("aka ing") to form the gerund |
-yendo form of caer ("To fall") | cayendo |
-yendo form of construir ("To build") | construyendo |
-yendo form of creer ("To believe") | creyendo |
-yendo form of leer ("To read") | leyendo |
-yendo form of oir ("To hear") | oyendo |
-yendo form of traer ("To bring") | trayendo |
Note About Forming Gerunds from Stem-Changing and Irregular Verbs | The stem change of a verb is indicated in parentheses after the verb |
Note About How To Change a -ir verb (-e to -i, or -o to -u) | 1. Change the vowel in the stem from -e to -i OR from -o to -u 2. Drop the -ir infinitive ending 3. Add the proper ending for a gerund |
Mentir ("to lie") | mintiendo ("lieing") |
From o --> u: dormir (to sleep) | durmiendo (sleeping) |
Irregular Gerund Form of ir (to go) | yendo |
Irregular Gerund Form of poder (to be able) | pudiendo |
Irregular Gerund Form of reir (to laugh) | riendo |
escuchar | to listen |
el hablante | speaker |
estudiar | to study |
hablar | to speak |
ver | to see |
oración | sentence |
memorizar | to memorize |
Note About The Present Progressive Tense | This tells how an event is occurring in a given amount of time. |
él va a la oficina a las siete de la mañana. | He goes to the office at 6 in the morning. |
Another Way To Form The Present Progressive By Using Estar | Use the present tense of the verb, estar ("to be") + the gerund |
Present Progressive Conjugation Of Estar | yo estoy tú estás nosotros estamos vosotros estáis |
Estamos escuchando. | We are listening |
seguir (substitute present progressive verb) | To follow |
continuar (substitute present progressive verb) | To continue |
salir (substitute present progressive verb) | To leave |
ir (substitute present progressive verb) | To go |
andar (substitute present progressive verb) | To walk |
entrar (substitute present progressive verb) | To enter |
llegar (substitute present progressive verb) | To get |
Conjugation for Seguir ("to continue, to keep"): yo, tú, el/ella/Ud., nosotros, vosotros, ellos/ellas/Uds. | sigo, sigues, sigue, seguimos, seguis, siguen |
Conjugation for Continuar ("to continue"): yo, tú, el/ella/Ud., nosotros, vosotros, ellos/ellas/Uds. | continúo, continúas, continúa, continuamos, continuáis, continúan |
Conjugation for Salir ("To leave, to go out"): yo, tú, el/ella/Ud., nosotros, vosotros, ellos/ellas/Uds. | salgo, sales, sale, salimos, salís, salen |
Conjugation for ir ("To go"): yo, tú, el/ella/Ud., nosotros, vosotros, ellos/ellas/Uds. | voy, vas, va, vamos, vais, van |
Conjugation for andar ("To walk"): yo, tú, el/ella/Ud., nosotros, vosotros, ellos/ellas/Uds. | ando, andas, anda, andamos, andáis, andan |
la revista | magazine |
el voleibol | volleyball |
la radio | radio |
navegar | to surf, to sail, to navigate |
el bote | boat, dinghy, launch |
tomar el sol | to sunbathe |
Mi padre esta estudiano a el piso superior. | My father is studying upstairs. |
El hombre quién esta tocando la guitarra es mi hermano mejor. | The man who is playing the guitar is my older brother. |
Tocar la guitarra es mi pasando favorito. | Playing the guitar is my favorite pastime. |
Yo estoy cayendo a el edificio. | I am falling off the building. |
Yo estoy contruyendo la casa del árbol. | I am building a treehouse. |
Yo estoy creyendo que todo va a estar bien. | I am believing that everything will be okay. |
Yo estoy leyendo dos libros. | I am reading two books. |
Yo estoy oyendo dos personas hablan. | I am hearing two people speak. |
Yo estoy trayendo los platos de papeles. | I am bringing the paper plates. |
Yo estoy mintiendo. | I am lying. |
Tú estás mintiendo. | You are lying. |
Yo estoy durmiendo. | I am sleeping. |
Yo estoy yendo. | I am going. |
Yo estoy pudiendo ayudar. | I am able to help. |
Yo estoy riendo. | I am laughing. |
Tú estás escuchandome. | You are listening to me. |
él está hablandome. | He is speaking to me. |
Ella está memorizando las palabras del vocabulario. | She is memorizing the vocabulary words. |
Yo sigo montando mi bicicleta. | I continue riding my bike. |
Tú continúas andando a la calle. | You continue walking down the street. |
Nosotros salimos riendo después la película se terminó. | We leave laughing after the movie was over. |
Ellos van esquiamos todos la fin de semana. | They will go skiing every weekend. |
Yo estoy leyendo la revista de juego de vídeo. | I am reading the newest video game magazine. |
Nosotros estamos jugando voleibol a la playa. | We are playing volleyball at the beach. |
Yo estoy navegando a la playa. | I am surfing at the beach. |
Mi bote esta navegando a la océano Pacifico. | My boat is sailing in the Pacific Ocean. |
Yo estoy tomando el sol a la playa. | I am sunbathing at the beach. |