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V SS Ch 7 Sec 2&3
V SS Chapter 7 Sec 2&3
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| How did the Qin Dynasty unite the country under one government? | They built a strong army that defeated the armies of rivaling states. |
| What does "Shi Huangdi" mean? Who took that name? | It means "first emperor. The Qin king Ying Zheng took that name when he unified China in 221 BC. |
| What political beliefs did Shi Huangdi follow? What did he do to make sure everyone followed his policies? What did he do to those who opposed his rules? | He followed Legalist political beliefs. He ordered the burning of all writings that did not agree with Legalism (other than those about farming, medicine and predicting the future). He buried 460 scholars alive who opposed his book burning. |
| Name 3 ways Shi Huangdi use his armies to expand the empire. | 1-They occupied the lands around both of China's major rivers. 2-They invaded north (almost to the Gobi Desert) and south (as far as the Xi River). 3-They destroyed conquered cities' walls and took their weapons. |
| Name 3 ways Shi Huangdi changed China's old political system. | 1-He claimed all the power and did not share it with the lords. 2-He took away lords' land and forced nobles to move to the capital so he could watch them. 3-He forced commoners to work on government building projects. |
| How did Shi Huangdi control China and enforce the tax system? | He divided it into districts, each with its own governor. Districts were divided into counties that were lead by appointed officials. |
| Name 4 ways Shi Huangdi united China. | 1-He set up a uniform system of law where rules and punishments were the same in all parts of the empire. 2-He standardized the written language. 3-He set up a new money system with standardized gold and copper coins. 4-He built roads and canals |
| Name 4 of Shi Huangdi's major achievements. | 1-He unified China. 2-He built roads and canals which improved transportation. 3-He built an irrigation system to make more land good for farming. 4-He built the Great Wall across Northern China |
| Great Wall | A barrier that linked earlier walls across China's norther frontier. Qin connected earlier built walls to form a long, unbroken structure. It took hundreds of thousands of workers to build. |
| Why did the Qin fall after Shi Huangdi's death? | Because his harsh policies were hated by many peasants, scholars and nobles, rebel forces formed across the country. One attacked the capital and the new emperor surrendered. |
| Who was Liu Bang? | He was a peasant who became the first emporer of the Han dynasty (largely due to the Chinese belief in the mandate of heaven). |
| Name ways Liu Bang was different from Shi Huangdi. | 1-He was well liked by both soldiers and peasants. 2-He lowered taxes and made punishments less severe. 3-He relied on educated officials to help him rule and gave land to his supporters |
| How did Emperor Wudi create a stronger central government? | 1-He took land from the lords. 2-Raised taxes. 3-Placed the supply of grain under the control of the government. |
| What was China's official government philosophy under Wudi? | Confucianism |
| How were social classes divided based on the Confucian system? | The were divided in 4 classes. 1-Upper class made up of the emperor, his court and scholars with goverment positions. 2-Peasants. 3-Artisans (who produced goods). 4-Mercants (didn't produce anything)----Soldiers had no class |
| What were homes like in different classes? | The emperor lived in a large palace. Less important officials lived in multilevel houses. Some wealthy families owned large estates. Peasants lived in small villages in small wood-framed houses with walls made of mud. |
| What was life like for the rich? | They had expensive decorations and hired musicians for entertainment. Even their tombs were filled with expensive items. |
| What was life like for peasants? | They put in long, tiring days working on the land. In the winter, they were forced to work on building projects for the government. Heavy taxes forced many to sell their land and work for rich landowners. |
| What did Confucianism teach about family? | Children were taught to respect their elders. Disobeying one's parents was a crime. The father was the head of the family and had absolute power. Children were encouraged to serve parents and honor dead parents. |
| Figure Painting | A style of painting that includes portraits of people. |
| Fu Style of Poetry | Combined prose and poetry to create long works of literature |
| Shi Style of Poetry | Short lines of verse that could be sung |
| Name 4 of Hans achievements with examples. | 1-Art (figure paiting). 2-Literature (Poetry). 3-Inventions (Paper, Sundial and Seismograph). 4-Medicine (Acupuncture) |
| Who is Sima Qian? | A Han historian who wrote a complete history of all the dynasties through early Han. |
| Sundial | Uses the position of shadows cast by the sun to tel the time of day (early type of clock) |
| Seismograph | Device that measures the strength of an earthquake |
| Acupuncture | The practice of inserting fine needles through the skin at specific points to cure diseases or relieve pain. |
Created by:
victoriaj