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Anatomy
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Lacrimal punctum | from the excretory ducts, the tears pass throught 2 small pores, the lacrimal puntum at the medial part of the eyelids, the tears drain through two lacrimal caniliculi which lead into the lacrimal sac and then into the nasolacrimal duct |
| nasolacrimal duct | this duct carries the tears into the nasal cavity |
| medial rectus and lateral rectus | moves eyeball from side to side |
| superior rectus and inferior rectus | moves eyeball up and down |
| superior oblique and inferior oblique | rotates the eyeball |
| three layers of eyeball | fibrous tunic, vascular tunic, nervous ( retina) tunic |
| fibrous tunic | the outer layer of the eyeball, includes sclera and optic nerve |
| sclera | the white of the eye, extrinsic muscles attach to this layer, part of the fibrous tunic |
| optic nerve | exists from the back of the eye, part of the fibrous tunic |
| cornea | the transparent anterior of the eyeball, it is a nonvascular layer and the iris and pupil can be seen through it, part of fibrous tunic |
| vascular tunic | also called the uvea, the middle layer of the eye, includes the choroid, ciliary body, ciliary process, iris, pupil |
| choroid | highly vascularized posterior portion of the vascular tunic and lines most of the internal surface of the sclera, part of the vascular tunic |
| ciliary body | in the anterior portion of the vascular tunic, the choroid becomes the ciliary body, part of the vascular tunic |
| ciliary process | ciliary body consists of ciliary process, folds on the internal surface that secretes aqueous humor, part of the vascular tunic |
| ciliary muscle | ciliary body consists of ciliary muscle, controls the suspensory ligaments that control the shape of the lens, part of vascular tunic |
| iris | the colored part of the vascular tunic, regulates the amount of light entering the eyeball, the iris has a hole called the pupil |
| pupil | a hole in the iris, part of the vascular tunic |
| circular muscle | part of the iris, the constrictor that changes the pupil size, part of the vascular tunic |
| dilator muscle | part of the iris, the dilator that dilates the pupil size, part of the vascular tunic |
| retina | also called the nervous tunic, the inner layer of the eye, includes cones and rods |
| photoreceptors (neurons) | recieve light impulses and change them into nerve impulses, there are 2 types of photoreceptors, rods and cones, part of nervous tunic or retina |
| cones | number of neurons- 6 million type of light- bright light type of vision- sharpness/ colored vision part of nervous tunic(retina) |
| rods | number of neurons- 120 million type of light- dim light type of vision-shapes and movement/ black and white |
| macula lutea | the exact center of the posterior portion of the retina |
| central fovea | a small depression in the center of the macula lutea, there are only cone photoreceptors, part of the retina |
| optic disc | the blind spot where the optic nerve exists the back of the eye and contains no rods or cones, no vision, part of the retina |
| anterior cavity | the space from the cornea to the lens, it contains two chambers and is filled with aqueous humor |
| aqueous humor | a thin watery substance in the anterior cavity |
| anterior chamber | from the cornea to the iris |
| posterior chamber | lies behind the iris and in front of the suspensory ligaments and lens |
| aqueous humor | continously produced and flows from the posterior chamber through the pupil to the anterior chamber, it then drains off into the scleral venous sinus and then into the blood, it helps nourish the lens and cornea, it also produces the pressure in the eye c |
| posterior cavity | the second and larger cavity of the eyeball, it contains a jelly like substance called vitrous humor, this cavity gives the eyeball its shape and protects the retina |
| vitrous humor | in posterior cavity, its a jelly like substance |
Created by:
sayrec8062