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Junior Unit 9
| Term | Definition | Synonyms | Antonyms |
|---|---|---|---|
| calumniate | v. to slander; to accuse falsely and maliciously | defame, libel | flatter, whitewash, praise |
| chary | adj. extremely cautious, hesitant, or slow (to); reserved | wary, skittish | heedless, reckless, incautious |
| collusion | n. secret agreement or cooperation | conspiracy, plot, connivance, cahoots | |
| dilettante | n. dabbler in the arts; one who engages in an activity in an amateurish, trifling way; adj. superficial | amateur, trifler | professional |
| imperturbabale | adj. not easily excited; emotionally steady | unflappable, unexciteable, serene, unruffled | excitable |
| increment | n. an enlargement, increase, addition | accretion, gain | loss, reduction, decrease |
| mandate | n. an authoritative command, formal order, authorization; v. to issue such an order | n. directive | v. forbid, ban, outlaw |
| paltry | adj. trifling, insignificant; mean, despicable; inferior, trashy | measly, meager, piddling, trivial | gigantic, immense, colossal |
| paroxysm | n. a sudden outburst; a spasm, convulsion | fit, seizure | |
| pedantry | n. a pretentious display of knowledge; overly rigid attention to rules and details | nit-picking, hairsplitting, pettifoggery | |
| peregrination | n. the act of traveling; an excursion, especially on foot or to a foreign country | journey, wandering, odyessy | |
| redolent | adj. fragrant, smelling strongly; tending to arouse memories or create an aura | evocative, reminiscent, aromatic | unevocative, odorless |
| refulgent | adj. shining, radiant, resplendent | luminous, splendid | dim, dark, obscure, dingy, dull, murky |
| shibboleth | n. n. a word, expression, or custom that distinguishes a particular group of persons from all others; a commonplace saying or truism | catchphrase, password, slogan | |
| tyro | n. a beginner, novice; one with little or no background knowledge or skill | neophyte | veteran, past master, expert |
| unremitting | adj. not stopping, maintained steadily, never letting up, relentless | constant, incessant, unrelenting | desultory, intermittent |
| vacillate | v. to swing indecisively from one idea or course of action to another; to waver weakly in mind or will | seesaw, fluctuate, oscillate | persevere |
| vituperative | adj. harshly abusive, severely scolding | abusive, scurrilous, insulting | complimentary, laudatory, flattering |
| acclamation | n. a shout of welcome; an overwhelming verbal note of approval | ovation, cheering, plaudits | booing, hissing, jeering, catcalls |
| bucolic | adj. characteristic of the countryside, rural; relating to shepherds and cowherds, pastoral | rustic | urban, metropolitan |