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Midterm extra credit

TermDefinition
Matter is anything that has mass and takes up space
Atom is the smallest part of an element that retains the properties of that element
Democritus he was an early scientist that said that that if you cut up something you would eventually end up with a particle that you can not divide it farther
Protons is a positive charge found with in an atomic nuclei
Neutrons is a neutral charge found within an atomic nuclei
Electrons is a negative charge that balances the positive charge of the protons in the atomic nuclei
Bohr He was a scientist that further developed Rutherfords atomic model
Elements It is a pure substance that can’t be separated into simpler substance by physical or chemical means
Compounds it is a pure substance composed of two or more different elements joined together by chemical bonds. They can only be separated by chemical means, not physically
Mixtures It is a combination of two or more pure substances that aren’t chemically combined
Heterogeneous mixtures You can see all the parts not completely combined
Homogeneous mixtures You can’t see all the parts appears the same
Physical change matter changes in some way
Chemical change 2 substances make new substance
Melting point is the point where heat is absorbed and makes the solid into a liquid or gas
Boiling point is the temp. at which a liquid boils, it will become a gas substance
Density is Mass/Volume also it is a property that describes their relationship between the mass of a material and its volume
Dmitri Mendeleev He made the periodic table
Periodic table shows all the elements in the universe. also organizes the elements by chemical properties
Atomic number number of protons
Symbol is the abbreviated version of the element
Atomic weight is the number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom
Period Each row on the periodic table
Orbitals are the pattern the electrons takes to go around the nucleus
Group The elements in each group have the some number of electrons in the outer orbital
Families 1A is the family made up of alkali metals 2A is made up of alkaline earth metals 7A is made up of the halogens 8A is made up of Noble gases
Metalloids Have Metal and nonmetal properties Act as semiconductors Boron, Silicon, Germanium, Arsenic, Antimony, Tellurium, and Polonium are Metalloids
DNA Deoxyribonucleic acid
Double helix spiral shaped ladder
Chromosomes When DNA comes in long strands
Bases cytosine, guanine, adenine, and thymine
Genes Each one of these small sections of DNA
Genotype The set of genes carried by the organism
Phenotype The physical expression of the gene
Punnett Square A tool which uses the combination of alleles to predict the probability of traits showing up in offspring
Dominant trait A trait that will always be expressed in the phenotype, Alleles for dominant traits are represented by capital letters
Recessive trait A trait that will always be expressed in the phenotype if two recessive alleles are present
Mendel A scientist that cross -pollinated plants for research on genetics
Miescher A scientist that isolate DNA from nuclei of leukocyte
Heredity The transmission of genetic characters from parents to offspring
Nuclein A group of proteins, containing phosphorous, that occur in the nuclei of living cells
Generation The term of years
Leukocytes A colorless cell that circulates in the blood and body fluids and is involved in counteracting foreign substances and disease
Created by: G10024428
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