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Geometry LC Maths
Geometry Ord Level Definitions
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Plane | Flat two-dimensional surface. It has length and width but no thickness |
| Point | Position on a plane |
| Coplanar | If points lie on the same plane |
| Line | Straight, infinitely thin line that continues forever in both directions; it has no endpoints |
| Collinear points | points that lie on the same line |
| Perpendicular lines | Lines that are at right angles or 90 degrees to each other |
| Parallel lines | Lines that are the same distance apart. They never meet |
| Line segment | Part of a straight line. It has two endpoints and can be measured using a ruler |
| Ray | Part of a line that originates at a point and goes on forever in only one direction |
| Vertex | Where 2 rays meet |
| Acute angle | Angle less than 90 degrees |
| Right angle | 90 degree angle |
| Obtuse angle | angle greater than 90 degrees but less than 180 degrees |
| Reflex angle | Angle greater than 180 degrTees but less than 360 degrees |
| Null angle | 0 degrees |
| Full rotation | 360 degrees |
| Axiom | Statement that we accept without any proof. Without axioms there would be no starting point in theorems |
| Theorem | Rule that has been proven by following a certain number of logical steps or by using a previous theorem or axiom that you already know |
| Proof | Series of logical steps that we use to prove a theorem |
| Corollary | Reverse of a theorem |
| ImpliesH | Term we use in a proof when we can write down a fact that we have proven from our previous statements. |
| Vertically opposite angles | Angles that have the same vertex and are directly opposite each other |
| Transversal | Line that cuts two or more (usually parallel) lines |
| Equilateral triangle | All sides and angles are equal |
| Isosceles triangle | Two sides are the same length and two angles are the same size |
| Scalene | 3 different lengths and 3 different angles |
| Polygon | Closed shape (no gaps or openings) with straight sides. It has at least 3 sides |
| Quadrilateral | Four sided polygon |
| Parallelogram | Quadrilateral that has 2 pairs of parallel sides |
| Congruent triangles | All corresponding sides and interior angles are equal in measure |
| Pythagoras | Square on the hypotenuse is equal to the sum of the squares of the other 2 sides. |
| Area of triangle | Half the base multiplied by the perpendicular height |
| Area of parallelogram | Base multiplied by height |
| Circle | Set of points in a plane that are all equidistant from a fixed point, its centre |
| Radius | Line segment from the centre of the circle to any point on the circle |
| Chord | Any segment that joins two points on a circle |
| Diameter | Chord that passes through the centre of a circle. The diameter is twice the radius |
| Circumference | Perimeter or length of the circle |
| Tangent | A line which touches the circle at only one point |
| Sector | Region of the circle enclosed by two radii and the arc between these radii |
| Cyclic Quadrilateral | Measures of the opposite angles add up to 180 degrees |
Created by:
Holy Rosary College Mountbellew
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