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Sociology Quizzes
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| David Popenoe argues that what mothers teach their children is | the feeling of being connected to others |
| family of orientation is a family | into which a person is born. |
| If a married couple lives near or with the parents of the groom, the pattern is called | patrilocal |
| In his survey of hundreds of early 20th century societies, anthropologist George Murdock found that | over 80 percent permitted polygamy |
| According to Parsons and other functionalists, the husband in the "conventional family" is the breadwinner and plays the ________ role, while the wife cares for the home and children and plays the ________ role. | instrumental; expressive |
| Which of the following issues is most likely to be the focus of a feminist analysis of the family? | The time demand imposed by the emotional labor that is expected from women. |
| Which of the following statements is true about same-sex marriages? | They have experienced increasing support in the U.S. and abroad. |
| In her influential book The Feminine Mystique, Betty Friedan refers to "the problem with no name," which is | the feeling of boredom or discontent by housewives in conventional nuclear families. |
| In post-divorce situations, | Income increases for men and decreases for women |
| Which of the following factors does NOT increase the likelihood of divorce? | High levels of education |
| Factors that do increase the likelihood of divorce | Getting married early, low levels of income, cohabitation prior to marriage. |
| The authors of our text hold that as the global economy becomes more knowledge-based, the likely outcome is that | internet access will become the new line of demarcation between the rich and the poor |
| Formal systems of education developed in modern societies because | Mass education promoted nationalism integrating citizens from different backgrounds into a national society. Schools promoted the development of traits that employers needed in their employees. Schools provided the credentials needed for a job |
| What reinforced the class structure in a society. | credentialism |
| Educational institutions are active participants in social reproduction to the extent that they | reinforce the cultural advantages of upper- and middle-class families. |
| Much of what is learned in school has nothing to do with the formal content of the lessons. The teaching of values, attitudes, and habits constitutes ________. | the hidden curriculum |
| Maria's exclusive prep school requires students to take Latin or Greek, classical art, etc. The school believes that these courses instill particular values and tastes that students need for a successful future. These values and tastes illustrate | cultural capital |
| Jonathan Kozol's (1991) study of American schools found that | high levels of segregation within schools and great inequalities between them exist today |
| Research shows that the group that benefits from student tracking according to ability is composed of | high achieving students because teachers do not have to spend time working with slow learners |
| In The Bell Curve, Richard Herrnstein and Charles Murray argued that the significant differences in IQ between various races and ethnic groups are explained by | genetic inheritance. |
| The UC Berkeley team of sociologists who critically analyzed The Bell Curve found that | -racial differences in intelligence are not biologically determined. -racial differences in intelligence are socially caused. -socioeconomic background is a more important factor than IQ in predicting educational or occupational attainment. |
| An unintended consequence of school busing was that | white families fled from the city into suburban areas, leaving the center cities to decay |
| Which gender is the dominant and aggressive one among the !Kung of the Kalahari Desert? | Neither men nor women because aggressive behavior is discouraged for both genders in !Kung society |
| Although in the past 30 years the pay gap between men and women has ________, on average ________. | narrowed; women make substantially less than men |
| ________ refers to the concentration of women and men in different occupations of unequal status and reward. | Gender typing |
| More than 1/2 of the graduates from colleges of business administration are women. In most cases, women's mobility up the corporate hierarchy is often thwarted after reaching a certain level. This barrier is referred to as | glass ceiling |
| Because men usually have more ________ than women, women are more often the victims of sexual harassment. | power |
| When sociologists refer to the "second shift" for working women, they mean the | burden of housework that awaits a woman when she returns home from work. |
| Since the 1950s, women's participation in the labor force has risen more or less continuously, and now women | outnumber men in the labor force. |
| According to our text, the main reason that women are so often the targets of sexual violence is because | men are socialized to feel sexual entitlement |
| Which of the following is an accurate assessment of rape | A key difference between men's and women's beliefs about rape is in the varying definitions of forced sex. |
| Variations in gender roles found in the many different societies studied by social scientists demonstrate that | gender roles are culturally determined |
| As a sociological concept, race refers to | physical variations in human beings that are defined as socially significant by members of a particular community or society. |
| Historically, Europeans classified the individuals from various parts of the world in categories based on physical attributes. These categories became the basis of systems that shaped and constrained the people's daily lives. This process is known as | racialization |
| The Supreme Court decision that established the foundation for the civil rights struggles of the 1950s through the 1970s was | Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, Kansas |
| Tim is a construction worker who is unemployed. He blames the recent influx of Mexican immigrants for his inability to get a new job. This is best described as an example of | scapegoating |
| _______ refers to behavior that results in the exclusion of individuals from particular resources, rewards, or status because of their group membership. | Discrimination |
| The central sociologically defined characteristic of a 'minority group' is | a group that is disadvantaged in relation to the dominant majority |
| As described in our text, Croatia has become a monoethnic state because of the racialized policies of mass expulsion during the 1990s. This is best described as an example of | ethnic cleansing |
| Dispersal of an ethnic population from an original homeland into foreign areas often in a forced way or under traumatic circumstances is known as | diaspora |
| Which of the following Latino groups has the highest average income | Cubans |
| ________ were forcibly removed from their homes to "relocation centers" by the U.S. government during World War II. | Japanese Americans |
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ebeneda