Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Bio. Semester Test
Bio poop
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| DNA replication of a leading strand involves which enzymes? | helicase, primase, polymerase, ligase |
| A white mouse whose parents are both white produces only brown offspring when mated with a brown mouse. The white mouse is most probably ___. | homozygous recessive |
| Which is the best description of activation energy? | Heat added to initiate a reaction. |
| Which property is responsible for the fact that water and oil do not mix? | Polarity |
| What happens when an aerobic organism is placed in an anaerobic environment? | The electron transport chain stops, stopping the citric acid cycle. |
| Which element would need to be removed from the molecule in saturated fatty acid group to make it unsaturated? | hydrogen |
| What is a major difference between facilitated diffusion and active transport? | Active transport moves substances against the concentration gradient. |
| Chloroplasts are organelles that convert light energy to sugars. These organelles are found only in plants. Which organelles are found only in animals? | Lysosomes |
| Which is present only in eukaryotic cells? | Nucleus |
| This is a template DNA sequence: 3'AATCGC5'. This is a partially-completed mRNA strand transcribed from the DN5A template: 3'GCGA5'. What is the next nucleotide that RNA polymerase will attach? | U |
| A cross between a white rooster and a black hen results in 100% blue Andalusian offspring. When two of these blue offspring are mated, the probable phenotypic ratio seen in their offspring would be ___. | 25% black, 50% blue, 25% white |
| Which organelle converts sugars into energy? | Mitochondrion |
| What major improvement came with the development of the scanning electron microscope? | The images were three dimensional |
| Which of the following could only be a result of nondisjunction during meiosis of sperm formation and not egg formation? | XYY |
| During which phase of meiosis do homologous pair of chromosomes line up next to one another along the equator? | metaphase I |
| Which of the following occurs in telophase? | chromosomes relax |
| An organism's genetic information is stored in which type of macromolecule? | DNA |
| A man heterozygous for blood type A marries a woman heterozygous for blood type B. The chance that their first child will have type O blood is ___. | 25% |
| How does an enzyme influence a biological reaction? | It decreases the activation energy necessary to initiate the chemical change. |
| If a female fruit fly heterozygous for red eyes (XRXr) crossed with a white-eyed male (XrY), what percent of their offspring would have white eyes? | 50% |
| Which statment is a fundamental principle of the cell theory? | Living organisms are composed of cells. |
| When added to water, how does an acid affect the pH and H+ concentration? | The pH decreases while the H+ increases |
| In mink, brown fur color is dominant to silver-blue fur color. If a homozygous brown mink is mated with a silver-blue mink and 8 offspring are produced, how many would be expected to be silver-blue? | 0 |
| A cell that undergoes repeated mitosis without cytokinesis would have | many nuclei |
| The template strand of a piece of DNA being replicated reads: 5'-ATAGGCCGT-3'. A partially synthesized Okazaki fragment is 5'CCTA3'. If the next fragment is four bases long, what is its first base? | A |
| A true-breeding tall pea plant is crossed with a true-breeding short pea plant, and all the offspring are tall. | Tt |
| In mice, black is dominant to white color and color is determined by a single gene. Two black offspring and 1 white offspring . What is the percentage of white mice? | 50 |
| Which of the following does not occur as a cell grows larger and larger in size? | ratio of surface area to volume increases |
| A phenotype that results from a dominant allele must have at least ___ dominant allele(s) present in the parent(s). | one |
| A student set up four test tubes containing starch solution in which to perform starch digestion. Supplies included amylase (enzyme that digests starch) and an incubator. In which tube listed would starch digestion proceed most quickly? | Tube 4: Amylase present, body temperature (37 C) |
| At what point in the process of diffusion is dynamic equilibrium reached? | When there is continuous movement but no change. |
| Which of these has occured by the end of prophase? | The nuclear membrane has disappeared |
| Capillary action is the result of adhesion. Which aspect of water is responsible for this? | Hydrogen bonds between water and another substances |
| What is the role of the spindle fibers? | to move chromosomes in the cell |
| What results from the removal of a phosphate group from ATP? | The release of energy |
| Which of the following is a substrate used in cellular respiration. | the product of photosynthesis |
| A spontaneous chemical reaction ocuurs more rapidly when the reactants are held at 35 C rather than 25 C. Why would this be the case? | The activation energy would be lower |
| In humans and other multicelluar organisms, which substance plays a central role as an energy source? | Carbohydrate |
| The cell cycle is regulated by | cyclins |
| An organism that uses hydrogen sulfide as a source of energy is categorized as which of the following? | Chemoautotroph |
| A stem cell has potential medical uses because it | is not specialized in structure and function |
| Which of the following are produced by reactions that take place in the thylakoids and are consumed by reaction in the stroma? | ATP and NADPH |
| By the end of prophase, each of the following has occured except ___. | Lining up of chromosomes in the cell |
| A man's grandfather on his father's side had galactosemia. Assuming that his mother was not a carrier, what is the probability that this man is a carrier for the disorder? | 0.50 |
| Which of the phases of mitosis has the shortest duration? | metaphase |
| Here are two related mRNA sequences: 5'UUUAGCGAGCAU3' and 5'UUUAGCCAUAAAAAAAA3'. How was the second sequence formed? | Processing removed an intron and added a poly-A tail to form the second sequence |
| Glycogen, used to store energy in the liver and muscle tissue, is an example of which type of molecule? | carbonhydrate |
| Which statement is true about bacterial cells? | The cells have no nucleus |
| Using DNA sequencing, you discover that a bacterium has experienced a deletion mutation that removed three nucleotides. The bacterium appears completely unaffected in all its functions. Where is the mostly likely location for the mutation? | an intron |
| The typical human body cell contains 46 chromosomes. How many chromosomes are found in a typical human sperm? | 23 |
| What is the role of oxygen in cellular respiration? | It is the final electron acceptor for the electron transport chain |
| Which of the following is an example of passive transport? | Facilitated diffusion |
| A cell has 12 chromosomes. How many chromosomes will each daughter cell have? | 12 |
| Cholesterol is repelled by water and can be found between the layers of the phospholipids in the plasma membrane. What can be concluded from this information? | Cholesterol is nonpolar |
| When roan cattle are mated, 25% of the offspring are red, 50% are roan, and 25% are white. Upon examination, it can be seen that the coat of a roan cow consists of both red and white hairs. This trait is one controlled by ___. | Codominant alleles |
| A cell that is undergoing mitosis is examined with a light microscope. An observation that would allow for identification of the cell as an animal cell rather than a plant cell would be | the centrioles migrating |
| In which of the following processes is chemical energy converted to mechanical energy? | muscle contraction |
| A particular sequence of parent DNA has four purine bases and two pyrimidine bases. According to the base-pairing rules, which of the following sequences could be formed during replication? | 2 cytosine, 2 adenine, 2 thymine |
| Mendel took the pollen from a tall pea plant and pollinated the flower of a short pea plants When he did this, he removed the male parts of the flower on the short plant. Why was it important that he remove the male from the flower of the short plant? | Because he wanted to prevent self pollination |
| What occurs during the process of meiosis in humans that can lead to a child with the condition of down syndrome? | Production of gametes with one duplicate chromosome |
| Suppose an animal is heterozygous AaBb, and the traits are not linked. When meiosis occurs, what is the total number of possible combinations of gametes that can be made for these traits? | 4 |
| Algal cell are placed in a isotonic solution. Additional amounts of solutes are slowly added to the solution. What happens to the cells? | They will shrink. |
| The typical growth period of a cell occurs during which stage of the cell cycle? | Gap 1 |
| DNA replication occurs during | interphase |
| Which of the following would be least likely to happen as a result of a mutation in a person's skin cells? | the person's offspring have mutated skin |
| A DNA segment is changed from -AATTAGAAATAG- to -ATTAGAAATAG-. This is a ___. | Frameshift mutation |
| If two heterozygous indiviual are crossed, what percent of their offspring are also expected to be heterozygous | %50 |
| What did scientists observe using the earliest microscopes. | tiny organisms |
| AA hydrogen bond can form between a hydrogen atom of one molecule and which atom of another molecule? | oxygen |
| What is the origin of nondisjunction for an XXX genotype that produces a phenotype of a nearly normal female? | Meiosis in egg formation |
| Which of the following metabolic pathways is anabolic? | Photosynthesis |
| When light strikes chlorophyll molecules, they lose electrons, which are ultimately replaced by which of the following? | splitting water into 2H+ and O2- |
| In which situation are the phenotypes of F2 offspring expected follow the ratio of 9:3:3:1. | A dihybrid cross for 2 unlinked traits |
| Cancer cells can reproduce rapidly because they | spend less time in interphase |
| Crossing over would most likely during which stage of the cell cycle | When homologous chromosomes line up in pairs |
| Amino acids are the building blocks of which macromolecule? | protein |
| Nondisjunction is related to a number of serious human disorders. How does nondisjuction cause these disorders? | Alters the chromosomes number |
| Where are you least likely to find water the structure? | E |
| A man with a certain syndrome marries a woman who is normal for that trait. They have 6 children, 3 girls and 3 boys. All of the girls have the same syndrome as the father whereas none of the boys is affected. Which type of heredity is not possible here? | Y-linked |
| Colchicine is a chemical that when applied to a cell during mitosis can be used to "freeze" cells in metaphase by preventing the chromosomes from moving away from the metaphase plate. What part of the cell does colchicine most likely affect? | Spindle fibers |
| A scientist at the polar ice cap was studying an ice sample from hundred of meters below the surface. while he examined ice he found cells from decades ago. Using his microscope, he saw cytoskeleton, mitochondrion, nucleus, cell wall, and ribosomes. | It is a plant |
| Prokaryotes divide by binary fission, a form a asexual reproduction in which | a cell divides into two cells with identical genetic information |
| What do galactosemia and Tay-Sachs disease have in common? | Both are conditions caused by the lack of a gene that codes for particular enzymes |
| A DNA segment is changed from-AATTAG- to -AAATAG-. This is a ___. | Substitution |
| What type of materials are expelled from cells during excytosis? | Large molecules such as hormones |
| The energy acquired in photosynthesis is used to make glucose. Where is the glucose made in plants? | Outside the chloroplast |
| A heterozygous organism is best described as which of these? | Hybrids |
| A molecule of water (H2O) has which bonds? | 2 covalent bonds |
| Which stage of meiosis is responsible for the law of independent assortment? | Metaphase 1 |
| Which series is arranged in order from largest to smallest in size? | cell, nucleus, chromosome, DNA, necleotide |
| A plant cell is placed in a hypotonic solution. What will happen to the plant cell? | It will swell |
| If yellow, red, and orange pigments exist in the leaves of trees, why are leaves green except for in the autumn? | Chlorophyll is the most abundant of all the pigments |
| Where does the oxygen used the in cellular respiration end up? | water |
| Infer why chloroplasts are found mostly in the leaves of plants. | The large surface area of leaves allows for contact with oxygen. |
| Which of the following sequences of processes correctly reflects the central dogma? | Protein synthesis, translation, transcription |
| Which event during meiosis leads to a reduction in chromosome number from 2n to n? | Homologous chromosomes travel to opposite sides of the cell. |
| Which substance on the plasma membrane help identify chemical signals from outside the cell? | carbohydrate chain |
| A pea plant homozygous for the trait of smooth seeds is crossed with a pea plant that is homozygous for the trait of wrinkled seeds. The generation produces seeds that are all smooth. what percentage will be smooth seeds? | 75% |
| Which is the best description of the events that take place during anaphase II? | Sister chromatids are separated and pulled to opposite sides of the cell |
| Why is the synthesis stage called this? | Because DNA synthesis is taking place |
Created by:
JDoss