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Cell Test
12/15/14
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Living cells maintain a _____ by controlling materials that enter and leave. | Balance |
| Without this ability, the cell cannot maintain _______ and will die. | Homeostasis |
| The cell must regulate internal concentrations of water,______, and other nutrients and must eliminate waste products. | Glucose |
| Homeostasis in a cell is maintained by the ________, which allows on certain particles to pass through and keeps the other particles out. | Plasma Membrane |
| This property of a membrane is known as ________. | Selective Permeability |
| It allows different cells to carry on different activities within the same __________ | Organism |
| True or False? The structure and properties of the cell wall allow it to be selective and maintain homeostasis. | False |
| True or False? The plasma membrane is a bilayer of lipid molecules with protein molecules embedded in it. | True |
| True or False? A phospholipid molecule has a nonpolar, water-insoluble head attached to a long polar, soluble tail. | False |
| True or False? The fluid mosaic model describes the plasma membrane as a structure that is liquid and very rigid. | False |
| True or False? Cell organelles, such as the nucleus, vacuoles, mitochondria and chloroplasts are enclosed in membranes. | True |
| True or False? The greater the number of saturated fatty acids a membrane contains, the more fluid it is. | False |
| True or False? In animals, cholesterol strengthens the fluid mosaic and makes the plasma membrane more stable. | True |
| All molecules have constant random movement OR move in an orderly fashion | have a constant random movement |
| Most of the cell and its surrounding environment are in a solid solution OR water solution | water solution |
| The net movement of particles from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration is called osmosis OR diffusion | diffusion |
| Diffusion occurs because of random movement of particles OR chemical energy | random movement of particles |
| When a few crystals of potassium permanganate are dropped into a beaker of water, the ions of the dissolving compound will start to diffuse OR form a polar bond | diffuse |
| When materials pass into and out of the cell at equal rates, there is no net change in concentration inside the cell. The cell is in a state of metabolism or dynamic equilibrium | dynamic equalibrium |
| Oxygen diffuses into the capillaries of the lungs because there is a equal concentration of co2 in the air sacs if the lungs and in the capillaries OR greater concentration of oxygen in the air sacs of the lung than in the capillaries | greater concentration of oxygen in the air sacs of the lung then in the capillaries |
| The difference is concentration from one region to another is called dynamic equilibrium OR concentration gradient | concentration gradient |
| Molecules of water OR oxygen need a transport protein and will not diffuse directly across the lipid bilayer | water |
| Hypotonic definition | the outside % is bigger than the inside |
| Hypertonic definition | the inside % is bigger than the outside |
| Isotonic definition | the % is equal |
| If a cell is placed in a hypotonic solution what happens to the volume of the cell? This affects what type of pressure? What affect would this have on a plant? | The cell will become like a ballon because all the water rushes in. This is a turgor pressure. The plant is allowed to stand upright. |
| What happens to a plant when it is deprived of water or is placed in a hypertonic solution? What is this called? | A hypertonic solution will deflate because there is more water on the inside than the outside so all of the water rushes out. |
| Experiments show that lipid molecules can pass across the plasma membrane from an area of high concentration to low concentration. By which process do the molecules move across the membrane? Does the cell expend energy? | This is diffusion which is a form of passive transport and does not require energy. |
| A biochemical test shows the passive transport of sugar molecules into a muscle cell. What are the proteins embedded in the lipid bilayer that aid in its movement called? | Transport protiens |
| In a nerve cell, sodium ions move across the membrane from an area of lower concentration to an area of higher concentration. Does the nerve cell expend energy? What type of transport is taking place? | This is called active transport and require energy. |
| An experiment reveals a carrier protein involved in active transport of an amino acid across a membrane into a cell. Explain how the protein moves the molecule up the concentration gradient. | The carrier protein in the membrane will bond with the amino acid, and then using energy, changes shape to face the inside of the cell, where is deposits the amino acid. |
| Name the main scientists | Robert Hooke, Anton Van Leeuwenhoek, Theodore Schwann, Matthias Schleiden |
| What did Robert Hooke do? | discovered elasticity |
| What did Anton Van Leeuwenhoek do? | invented compound microscope |
| What did Theodore Schwann do? | founder of cell theory |
| What did Matthias Schleiden do? | Co founder of cell theory |
| What does the light microscope do? | magnifies small samples |
| What does a SEM do? | magnifies by scanning |
| What does a TEM do? | magnifies by transparency |
| Name the 4 organization of cells | cell, organ, tissue, organ system, and organism |
| Cell | basic unit of structure in living things |
| Tissue | work together to preform a specific activity |
| organ | made of tissues to preform a specific activity |
| organ system | two or more tissues made to preform a specific activity |
| organism | carries out life processes |
Created by:
cadizsa