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5 Science Chapter 3
Forces in Fluids
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| A substance that can easily change shape | fluid |
| A system that multiplies force by transmitting pressure from a small surface area through a confined fluid to a larger surface area | hydraulic system |
| A unit of pressure equal to one newton per square meter | Pascal |
| The force exerted on a surface divided by the total area over which the force is exerted | pressure |
| The mass of a substance contained in a unit volume | density |
| The rule that a stream of fast-moving fluid exerts less pressure than the surrounding fluid | Bernoulli's Principle |
| The rule that the buoyant force on an object is equal to the weight of the fluid displaced by that object | Archimedes' Principle |
| The rule that when force is applied to a confined fluid, the increase in pressure is transmitted equally to all parts of the fluid | Pascal's Principle |
| The upward force exerted by a fluid on a submerged object | buoyant force |
| Snowshoes enable a person to walk on deep snow because the snowshoes... | increase the area over which the person's weight is distributed |
| A unit of pressure is called a... | Pascal |
| Air pressure exerted equally on an object from different directions is... | balanced pressure |
| Given that the air pressure outside your body is so great, why aren't you crushed? | pressure inside our body balances the air pressure outside your body |
| Air pressure decreases as... | elevation increases |
| Water pressure increases as... | depth increases |
| Which type of substance does Pascal's Principle deal with? | fluids |
| One application of Pascal's Principle is... | a hydraulic car lift |
| What scientific rule describes why water squirts from a plastic bottle when it is squeezed? | Pascal's Principle |
| What does a hydraulic system do? | multiply force |
| Which of the following is true of the buoyant force - it acts in the downward direction; it acts with the force of gravity; it acts in the upward direction | it acts in the upward direction |
| What effect does a buoyant force have on a submerged object? | it causes a net force acting upward on the object |
| If an object floats, the volume of displaced water is equal to the volume of... | the portion of the object that is submerged |
| What scientific rule states that the buoyant force on an object is equal to the weight of the fluid displaced by the object? | Archimedes' Principle |
| When water fills a submarine's flotation tanks, the overall density of the submarine... | increases |
| A ship stays afloat as long as the buoyant force is... | equal to the ship's weight |
| Pascal's Principle states that when force is applied to a confined fluid, the change in pressure is transmitted... | equally to all parts of the fluid |
| Smoke rises up a chimney partly because of... | Bernoulli's Principle |
| Bernoulli's Principle helps to explain... | flight |
| The mass per unit volume of a substance is its... | density |
| An object that is more dense than the fluid in which it is immersed wlll... | sink |
| Which of these substances is the LEAST dense - wood; copper? mercury; | wood |
| Pressure cna be measured in units of... | newtons per square meter |
| A substance whose shape can easily change is a... | fluid |
| A material that can easily flow is called a... | fluid |
| What scientific rule states that the pressure exerted by a moving stream of fluid is less than the pressure of the surrounding fluid? | Bernoulli's Principle |
| The pressure in the deepest parts of the ocean is roughly how many times the usual air pressure you experience? | 1,000 times |
| Which of these multiplies a force by transmitting it to a large surface area? | a hydraulic system |
| The braking system on a car is an example of... | a hydraulic system |
| A barometer is used to measure pressure... | in the atmosphere |
| The pressure you exert on the floor _______ when you stand on your toes because the area on which you exert force decreases | increases |
| The air pressure at an altitude of 3 km is ______ than the air pressure at 1 km. | less |
| In a stationary fluid, ___________ is exerted equally in all directions. | pressure |
| Hydraulic systems use two pistons with different ________ to lift heavy objects. | surface areas |
| ______ force is required to lift an object in water than on land because of the buoyant force of the water. | Less |
| ______________ states that the buoyant force acting on a submerged object is equal to the weight. | |
| As a ship is unloaded, it rises higher in the water because the density of the ship and its cargo _________. | decreaes |
| Wind blowing across the top of a chimney helps to draw air up the chimney. This is an example of ____________ Principle | Bernoulli's |
| As an airplane wing moves, air moves _______ above the wing than below it. | faster |
| Water pressure is due to the ________ of the water above a particular point. | weight |
Created by:
8thgraders