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humn 101
final
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| 1. The period immediately following the collapse of the Mycenaean civilization is referred to as the: | B. Greek dark ages |
| 2. What were the chief characteristics of the Greek dark ages? | A. It was a period of economic decline and declining population |
| 3. This Greek writer, generally credited as the “Father of history” was also the first to draw a distinction between “East” and “West” | C. Herodotus |
| 4. One of the key developments during the Archaic Period of Greek History, which served to undermine aristocratic social and political dominance, was the introduction of | A. Hoplite Warfare |
| 5. Homers Iliad concerns | Trojan war |
| The polis was the Greek name for | city-state |
| Which of the following was not a characteristic of the typical Greek polis | Each polis had a population of between 90,000 and 1000,000 citizens |
| In Ancient Greece, a rule who seized power through illegitmate means (usually force) was known as a | Tyrant |
| The process of synoikismos, or polis formation often took place | around a defensible hill, called an acropolis |
| The central market place in Greek cities was called the | agora |
| The hoplite phalanx was | A Greek military formation usually composed entirely of heavily armored infantry |
| The development of the polis had a negative impact on Greek society by | dividing Greece into fiercely competitive city-states |
| In Sparta | Life resembled that of a military camp |
| Free, but non- citizen, inhabitants of Sparta were known as | Perioikoi |
| partan Helots | Were a subjugated group that formed the main population of Messenia and Had war declared on them every year |
| At the Battle of Thermopylae the | Spartans fought a noble holding action to the last man |
| During the age of Pericles | Athenians became deeply attached to their democratic system |
| Which of the following phrases best describes the Delian League | An alliance of city- states dominated by Athens after Persian Wars |
| After his appointment as sole archon in 594 BCE. Solon began to institute a number of important reforms to Athenian government. These reforms include all the following except: | He gave Athenian women the right to vote in the assembly |
| Taking advantage of the turnoil from the failure of Solons efforts to reform the Athenian government, this aristocratic politician was able to establish himself as tyrant in 546 BCE | Peisistratus |
| Included among the responsibilities of the five elected ephors were all of the following except | Supervision of the construction of defensive walls around the city of Sparta |
| The most popular form of drama in ancient Greece, practiced by such artist as Aeschylus and Sophocles, dealt with the themes of justice, law, and the destruction of heroic men and women was known as | Tragedy |
| According to tradition, how did the tragic hero King Oedipus respond to the revelation that he had killed his father in order to marry his own mother? | by gouging out his eyes |
| Greek comedy was | Often a genre of direct political commentary |
| The most popular writer of Comedy in Ancient Athens was | Aristophanes |
| Classical Greek architecture is composed of 3 vertical elements | The platform, the column, and the entablature |
| The three orders of Greek architecture are: | Doric, Ionic, Corinthian |
| Greek sculpture displayed all the following characteristics except: | It was devoted solely to depictions of male subjects |
| The Parthenon | is considered the greatest example of classical Greek temple architecture |
| One of the chief characteristics of Greek architecture was its use of what the Greeks called “The Golden Section” which they belived to be the most beautiful of all proportions and which represented the ratio of: | 8:5 |
| Among the most ill-treated of Greek slaves were those: | Who worked in mines |
| One way in which the ancient Olympic games differed from their modern counterparts was that | events were conducted in the nude |
| Members of the Milesian school of early Greek philosophers include all of the following except | Plato |
| Socrates differed from the Sophists in all of the following ways except | Socrates was more interested in winning arguments than discovering “ truth” |
| The sophists | Were moral relativists who seemingly questioned the traditional values of their societies |
| The common elements of the Sophists ideas were perhaps best represented by | Protagoras |
| Socrates was condemned to death for | Corrupting the youth of Athens |
| “The unexamined life is not worth living” is a cornerstone of philosophy of | Socrates |
| The Republic depicted | Plato’s idea of the ideal government and society |
| Plato argued that the only way that one could achieve the ultimate goal of fulfillment through virtue was | by understanding one contemplating the idea of the good |
| Which of the following phrases best describes the social situation of Greek women? | Women were kept under strict control, cut off from formal education, and rarely, if ever ventured from their houses |
| Which of the following poleis ( and their allies) represent the main antagonists in the conflict known as the Peloponnesian War | Athens and Sparta |
| The Peloponnesian War resulted in | C. The defeat of Athens and the conquest of Greece by Philip II of Macedon |
| The Hellenistic era describes an age that saw | The extensions and imitation of Greek culture throughout the ancient Near East |
| Upon the death of Alexander | His generals became involved in power struggles |
| Which of the following best describes Hellenistic cities | Important centers of administration and focal points of Greek culture |
| For Aristotle, the highest good consists of | The harmonious functioning of the individual human mind and body |
| An especially important cultural center with the largest library in ancient times was | Alexandria |
| 1. Which of the following would not be considered a “characteristic of civilization?” | A. The development of money |
| 2. The period before the development of writing is usually referred to as | C. Prehistoric |
| Punishments for crimes under the code of Hammurabi: | Were more severe for the lower class |
| Which of the following were not among the major accomplishments of Mesopotamian science and learning? | Calculation of the circumference of the earth |
| After the death of Joshua, the Hebrew people were organized into a looser confederation of twelve tribes, led by military leaders called: | Judges |
| King David’s chief contribution to Hebrew history was: | Defeating the Canaanites and Philistines and uniting the Twelve Tribes |
| After the death of King Solomon, tensions between the Northern and southern tribes led to the establishment of two kingdoms, the kingdom of ____ and the kingdom of ___ | Israel and Judah |
| The Hebrew religion | Was an ethical religion centered around the law of God |
| The period of Egyptian history, prior to the mergence of the pharaohs, is known as: | Predynastic |
| The most important event on the Egyptian calendar was: | The “inundation” – the annual flooding of the Nile |
| The Nile River provided ancient Egyptians with | An excellent artery of transportation |
| The strip of rich, fertile soil, bordering the Nile river was known as: | Black land |
| Ancient Egypt occupied a region surrounding the Nile River of more than 600 miles in length reaching at its furthest expanse a width of: | 14 miles |
| The following represent periods in the history of Ancient Egypt except: | Imperial Period |
| The Egyptian king credited with uniting Upper and Lower Egypt was known as: | Narmer |
| The focal points and sources of life for the ancient Egyptians were the | Nile River and the pharaohs |
| According the Egyptian theology, the pharaoh derived his authority from | The fact that he was perceived to be a god |
| For administrative purposes in the Old Kingdom, Egypt was: | Divided into provinces and governor by nomarchs |
| The two simplified forms of Egyptian hieroglyphics are | Hieratic and demotic |
| Which of the following statements best applies to the status of women in Egyptian society? | Women enjoyed a relatively high degree of legal status |
| The first “step pyramid” was built by Imhotep as the final resting place of: | Djoser |
| The only area of science and mathematics in which the Ancient Egyptians made notable advances was in the area of: | The calculation of time |
| Which of the following Egyptian gods was most closely associated with the mummification of the dead? | Osiris |
| The Egyptian pyramids were: | conceived and built as tombs for the pharaohs |
| One reason that the Egyptians may have moved their royal burial site to the “Valley of the kings” was because | its remote location would prevent grave robbing |
| The Hyksos invasion is generally considered to mark the end of this period of Egyptian history. | Middle kingdom |
| Egyptians civilization reached the height of its magnificence and power during which period of its history | new kingdom |
| Akhenaten | Established a new city called Akhenaten, 200 miles from Thebes |
| one of the few female Pharohs was: | Hatshepsut |
| . The only Egyptian tomb to be discovered relatively intact was that of the Pharaoh | Tutankhamen |
| Agrarian Law | take the land and distribute it to the poor, veterans |
| The Art of Love | was about how to pick up married women; Augustus was fed up with him to start and finally had enough of Ovid after this book |
| Huns- | are nomatic warriors (fight on horseback) extremely ruthless and experienced fighters. Started in southern Russia and headed east.Attack and brutally murdered the Ostragoths in 376. In 451 the Huns (led by Attila) invaded Italy |
| The Gracchi Brothers | two brothers name Tiberius and Gaius. Tiberious calls for special election to kick Octauious out of office and wants to run again |
| Pontifex Maximus | Largest/most popular sporting event – circus maximus – held horse races; it could hold over 300,000 people |
| Paterfamilias | head male of the family; absolute authority over anybody; decide if infant would live/die; absolute control over kids/wife (jobs, marriage) |
| government in ancient rome | 2 consules in charge (elected by assembly) 1 year term. if conflict happened the senate will decide and elect a dictator with absolute power for 6 months...Augutus reduceded senate from 900-600 and reorganized army from 60-28 |
| family life in rome | tribes, clans, families |
| roman girls names | feminine name of clan name |
| stoicism | appealed to how Romans looked at the world |
| table of ranks | king, duke, marquese, count, viscount, baron, knight |
| mortality rate of black plague | 24-45% of population died bolonga and venice =2/3 of residents died half population of florence france and germany 20-30% |
| social consequences of black plague | divided north and south |
| results of first crusade | also known as children crusafe 1212 peter the hermit (claims hes a profit) lead people who either get killed or captured slaves |
| Medieval attitudes toward women | women would cook, produce beer, take care of gardens, get material for men but barely did any house work because they lived in huts |
| Pope urban II | best known for initiating first crusade. |
| flagellants | would hit themselves because they are trying to punish themselves so god wont punish the world with the plague |
| feudalism | the dominant social system in medieval Europe |
| council of clermont 1095 | pope issued declarations calling for the Christians to go to war against the Turks |