closed stratification system

a system in which movement from one social position to another is limited by ascribed statuses such as sex, skin color, and family background.

an array of subsidies, tax breaks, and assistance that the government has created for businesses.

the functionalist view that social stratification benefits a society.

feminization of poverty

the higher likelihood that female heads of households will be poor.

moving from one position to another at the same class level.

intergenerational mobility

moving up or down the class hierarchy relative to the position of one’s parents.

intragenerational mobility

moving up or down the class hierarchy over one’s lifetime.

the extent to which people have positive experiences and can secure the good things in life because they have economic resources.

a belief that individuals are rewarded for what they do and how well, rather than on the basis of their ascribed status.

open stratification system

a system that is based on individual achievement and allows movement up or down.

the minimal level of income that the federal government considers necessary for basic subsistence.

the ability of individuals or groups to achieve goals, control events, and maintain influence over others despite opposition.

respect, recognition, or regard attached to social positions.

workers who sell their labor for wages.

not having enough money to maintain an average standard of living.

a category of people who have a similar standing or rank in a society based on wealth, education, power, prestige, and other valued resources.

a person’s ability to move up or down the social class hierarchy.

social stratification

the hierarchical ranking of people in a society who have different access to valued resources, such as property, prestige, power, and status.

socioeconomic status (SES)

an overall ranking of a person’s position in the class hierarchy based on income, education, and occupation.

people who are persistently poor and seldom employed, residentially segregated, and relatively isolated from the rest of the population.

moving up or down the class hierarchy.

abundance of economic assets and material possessions that a person or family owns, including property and income.

people who work at least 27 weeks a year but receive such low wages that they live in or near poverty.

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Sociology Chapter 8

Term	Definition
absolute poverty	not having enough money to afford the most basic necessities of life.
bourgeoisie	those who own and control capital and the means of production.
closed stratification system	a system in which movement from one social position to another is limited by ascribed statuses such as sex, skin color, and family background.
corporate welfare	an array of subsidies, tax breaks, and assistance that the government has created for businesses.
Davis–Moore thesis	the functionalist view that social stratification benefits a society.
feminization of poverty	the higher likelihood that female heads of households will be poor.
horizontal mobility	moving from one position to another at the same class level.
intergenerational mobility	moving up or down the class hierarchy relative to the position of one’s parents.
intragenerational mobility	moving up or down the class hierarchy over one’s lifetime.
life chances	the extent to which people have positive experiences and can secure the good things in life because they have economic resources.
meritocracy	a belief that individuals are rewarded for what they do and how well, rather than on the basis of their ascribed status.
open stratification system	a system that is based on individual achievement and allows movement up or down.
poverty line	the minimal level of income that the federal government considers necessary for basic subsistence.
power	the ability of individuals or groups to achieve goals, control events, and maintain influence over others despite opposition.
prestige	respect, recognition, or regard attached to social positions.
proletariat	workers who sell their labor for wages.
relative poverty	not having enough money to maintain an average standard of living.
social class	a category of people who have a similar standing or rank in a society based on wealth, education, power, prestige, and other valued resources.
social mobility	a person’s ability to move up or down the social class hierarchy.
social stratification	the hierarchical ranking of people in a society who have different access to valued resources, such as property, prestige, power, and status.
socioeconomic status (SES)	an overall ranking of a person’s position in the class hierarchy based on income, education, and occupation.
underclass	people who are persistently poor and seldom employed, residentially segregated, and relatively isolated from the rest of the population.
vertical mobility	moving up or down the class hierarchy.
wealth	abundance of economic assets and material possessions that a person or family owns, including property and income.
working poor	people who work at least 27 weeks a year but receive such low wages that they live in or near poverty.

Created by: mb0287hb

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