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Psych
Chapter 6 - Perception
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| selective attention | the focusing of conscious awareness on a particular stimulus, as in the cocktail party effect |
| visual capture | the tendency for vision to dominate the other senses |
| gestalt | an organized whole. Gestalt psychologists emphasize our tendency to integrate pieces of information into meaningful wholes. |
| figure-ground | the organization of the visual field into objects that stand out from their surroundings |
| grouping | the perceptual tendency to organize stimuli into coherent |
| depth perception | the ability to see objects in three dimensions although the images that strike the retina are two-dimensional; allows us to judge distance. |
| visual cliff | a laboratory device for testing depth perception in infants and young animals |
| binocular cues | depth cues, such as retinal disparity and convergence, that depend on the use of two eyes |
| monocular cues | distance cues, such as linear perspective and overlap, available to either eye alone |
| retinal disparity | a binocular cue for perceiving depth: By comparing images from the two eyeballs, the brain computes distance - the greater the disparity between the two images, the closer the object |
| phi phenomenon | an illusion of movement created when two or more adjacent lights blink on and off in succession |
| perceptual constancy | perceiving objects as unchanging even as illumination and retinal images change |
| perceptual set | a mental predisposition to perceive one thing |
| human factors psychology | a branch of psychology that explores how people and machines interact and how machines and physical environments can be adapted to human behaviors |
| extrasensory perception (ESP) | the controversial claim that perception can occur apart from sensory input. Said to include telepathy, clairvoyance, and precognition |
| parapsychology | the study of paranormal phenomena, including ESP and psychokinesis |
| figure-ground relationships are often... | reversible |
| the tendency to perceive the convergence of parallel lines as indicating decreasing distance is the ____ perspective | linear |
| principle that we tend to group stimuli that are near one another | proximity |
| philosopher who believed that all knowledge arises from experience | Locke |
| perceptual tendency to fill in incomplete figures to create figures to create the perception of a whole object | closure |
| the ability to attend to the only one voice among many is the | cocktail party effect |
| classical visual illusion involving the perception of line length | Muller-Lyer |
| depth cue in which nearby objects partially obscure more distant objects | interposition |
| the amount of light an object reflects relative to its surroundings | relative luminance |
| tendency of distant objects to appear hazier than nearer objects | relative clarity |
| gestalt principle that we perceive uniform and linked spots, lines, or areas as a single unit | connectedness |
| the irreversible effects of sensory restriction during infancy suggest the existence of a ______ for normal sensory and perceptual development | critical period |
Created by:
danat214