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Bio test #3 part 2
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Meiosis and mitosis are both processes that involve nuclear division. What is the difference between the two? | Mitosis is nuclear division, which ultimately leads to DIPLOID SOMATIC CELLS. Meiosis is nuclear division, which ultimately leads to HAPLOID GAMETES. |
| Meiosis also has been called reduction division because | there is a reduction in the chromosome number during two separate nuclear and cell divisions to produce gametes. |
| A LATTICE OF PROTEINS holds two replicated chromosomes in precise register with one another. | synaptonemal |
| The zygote has | two copies of each chromosome. |
| The homologous chromosomes (homologues) pair up during meiosis I. Each homologue pairs along its entire length. This process is called | synapsis. |
| If you could examine closely a recombination nodule, you may find | enzymes necessary to break and rejoin homologous chromosomes. |
| The fusion of male gamete cells with female gamete cells is called | syngamy. |
| The synaptonemal complex develops early in meiosis. It is | a lattice of proteins that holds homologous together. |
| All of the following animal cells are diploid except | gametic. |
| The reduction division that separates two haploid complements from each other is called | meiosis. |
| In which of the following steps of glycolysis are two ATP molecules are required? | glucose priming |
| The end-product of glycolysis is | pyruvate. |
| Which of the following statements about fermentation is false? | Cells can only undergo one type of fermentation. |
| In glycolysis, a major portion of the energy remains in the final product, which is called ________. | pyruvate |
| You are examining some live cells in a Petri dish, when you begin to imagine what you would do if suddenly one of them were to burst into flames. Of course, in order for this to happen the cell would have to | transfer electrons directly to oxygen, skipping the intermediate electron carriers. |
| The electron TRANSPORT chain, a series of membrane-associated electron CARRIERS, loses most of the energy by driving several transmembrane | proton pumps. |
| In OXIDATIVE respiration, energy is harvested from glucose molecules in a sequence of four major pathways. Which of the following is not one of these four pathways? | beta oxidation |
| A biochemist wants to control the initial substrate-level phosphorylation that occurs in the tracheal cells of grasshoppers once GLUCOSE has crossed the plasma membrane. This means that he will | have to prevent glycolysis from occurring in the cytoplasm. |
| Visible light with longest wavelength and lowest-energy photons; one of the regions where chlorophylls absorb. | Red |
| The plant hormone abscisic acid (ABA) is involved in the regulation of PHOTOrespiration. Based on this information, ABA likely plays a role in | the opening and closing of stomata. |
| Fall leaf color on deciduous trees is a result of | cessation of CHLOROPHYLL production, which allows the accessory pigments to be revealed. |
| Photosystem II absorbs protons that are slightly more energetic than photosystem I, but similarly pass this energy to a pigment called | P680. |
| Which of the following statements supports the fact that chlorophyll a is not the only pigment involved in photosynthesis? | The rate of photosynthesis is HIGH at wavelengths when the absorption by chlorophyll a is low. |