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Materials
Photochromic, anti-reflective lenses & traetments
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| How much brighter can outdoor light be than indoor? | 25 times |
| What type of glare is best managed by AR lenses? | distracting |
| What year were photochromic lenses first released? | 1962 |
| What did Transitions VI bring to photochromic lenses? | provides enhanced photochromic performance across all major lens materials & designs. |
| What reverses a photochromic lens from dark to light? | heat |
| Which photochromic lens manufacturing process distributes the photochromic molecules through the lens? | in-mass |
| What is the major feature of DriveWear lenses? | they activate behind the windshield of a car. |
| What kind of lenses does Transitions make? | Transitions does not make a lens, it's a process, not a lens type. |
| How dark do Transitions lenses become in 1 minute? | 82% |
| How much does AR treatment reduce the light transmission through a Transitions VI lens? | less than 1% |
| What is the range of electromagnetic radiations the eye is sensitive to? | 380nm-760nm |
| How would you categorize a wavelength that was 295nm? | UVB |
| A superficial & painful inflammation of the cornea is known as ? | photokeratitis |
| What is the third leading cause of blindness in the world? | ARMD |
| What UV is mostly absorbed by the crystalline lens of the eye? | UVA |
| How much UV radiation passes through a child's crystalline lens to the retina? | 75% |
| In the (NHANES) study, what was the determined to be one of the most important independent epidemiologic factors for the formation of cataracts? | UV exposure |
| What item does "wrap" stand for in the Slip, Slop, Slap, & Wrap slogan used in Australia? | sunglasses |
| Which organization recommends that sun lenses block 99% of UVB & 95% of UVA radiations? | ISO |
| Why should ECP's be concerned about the increasing use of topical & systemic medications? | because they can carry side effects that can involve the eyes & vision |
| What term indicates that a drug will be distributed throughout the body? | systemic |
| What percentage of eyecare patients are unaware that their medications could have any side effects on their eyes? | 33% |
| How can ECP's help mitigate the adverse ocular side effects of medications? | by raising their patient's level of awareness & implanting strategies for patients to report their medication usage |
| What drug is NOT a drug that may affect the quantity of vision? | photosensitizers |
| What action does a mydriatic drug have? | it opens the pupil diameter |
| What can be categorized as an ocular disorder drugs? | antimicrobial agents |
| What ocular side affects would you expect from Fosamax? | uvetitis |
| What ocular side affect would you expect from Lopressor? | reduced tear secretion |
| In the Enhancements to Quality of Vision with Photochromic Lenses & Anti-Reflective Coating study, what percentage of the CTA group preferred photochromic lenses over clear lenses? | 80% |
| What is the UVA transmittance tolerance specified in the Normal Use category by ANSI for very dark & strongly colored lenses? | less than 1% |
| Which paper stated that the best optical solution is the one that provides a balance between the amount of light & the amount of glare a person experiences? | Beyond 20/20 |
| Which paper explained that only 21% of Australians were aware of the effects of UV radiation to their eyes? | A Multidisciplinary Approach Challenge Current Thinking on UV & Glare Less than 5% |
| Which study demonstrated that active people were looking for eyewear that fit well, did not fog, protected them from debris, protected them from UVR, & could be worn all day long through a variety of lighting conditions? | Market research by Oakley |
| What causes pathological photophobia? | blinding glare |
| What is a correct statement concerning light waves that are more than 20 feet from their source? | they have a flat wave front |
| What is the range of visible wavelengths the human eye is sensitive to? | 380nm to 760nm |
| What occurs to the greatest degree when light encounters a lens surface? | transmitted |
| Lens reflections increase in brightness & intensity as? | the refractive index of the lens' material becomes higher |
| How much light does a 1.4 index lens reflect? | 15.7% |
| On what optical characteristics are AR treatments based upon? | destructive interference |
| What does the term "broadband" mean in regard to AR treatments? | a reduction of surface reflections over the entire visible spectrum |
| Which type of glare does AR treatment eliminate? | distracting |
| Where is ultra-violet found in the electro-magnetic spectrum? | below violet |
| When light is reflected back towards the wearer, it can? | compromise vision & reduce visual performance. |
| Who is credited with being the inventor of AR treatment? | Carl Zeiss Company |
| In order for an AR lens treatment to be effective, its index of refraction must be ______ of the index of the material it is being coated upon. | the square root |
| How thick are todays modern AR lens treatments? | 0.2 to 0.3 microns |
| What coating material was used to create early AR lenses? | magnesium fluoride |
| Each layer of a modern AR treatment is composed of a different material of either________. | silicone dioxide or a metal oxide |
| How do modern AR lenses prevent crazing of the AR treatment on plastic lenses? | The AR treatment is index matched to the material to insure proper adhesion & flexure. |
| How thick is the coating used on plastic lenses? | 3-5 microns |
| A rainbow-like visual affect that can occur when an AR treatment is not properly index matched to the lens material it is coating upon is known as? | Newton's Fringes |
| The thickness of an AR coating must be _____ wavelength of the color in the spectrum it is attempting to reflect in order to be effective? | 1/4 |
| An effective AR treatment eliminates what percentage of lens surface reflections? | 99% |
| What is the life expectancy of a modern AR lens? | the life of the average RX. |
| How can an ECP know that an AR lens is tough enough for patient use? | if the lens passes the requirements of federal regulation CFR 801.410 |
| What is NOT a feature of modern AR treatments? | non electrical conducting |
| An AR lens that repels oily deposits like facial oils & fingerprints is said to have _____ properties? | oleophobic |
| If an AR lens beads water well, what property is it exhibiting? | hydrophobic |
| Hard coating is the lens' defense to ______ scratching problems? | mild to moderate |
| Which AR treatment property is needed due to the triboelectric effect? | anti-static |
| Which organization provides information to help laboratories process AR lenses? | The Vision Council of America |
| How much more light does a 65 year old need in relation to an 18 year old? | 3 times |
| What percentage of AR lenses are sold in Japan? | 98% |
| Why is it important for sunglasses to have an AR treatment? | because dark lenses accentuate the images reflected off the lenses due to their dark color |
| In a study conducted by Essilor, how many study participants who did not purchase AR lenses stated that the reason for not buying them was because they were not offered by the ECP? | 90% |
| Why is it important to inform a patient about AR lenses before they enter the examination room to see the doctor? | It will help patients begin thinking about their lifestyle needs & how AR lenses can benefit them. |
| Why is packaged pricing a good sales technique? | It helps avoid lens sticker shock. |
| What is one of the most effective methods of helping patients understand the benefits they will receive from choosing AR lenses? | demonstrate them |
| A carefully crafted statement that contains all the information you need to mention for a particular product in a clear & concise manner is known as a? | script |
| Which test is used to measure the amount of haze induced in an AR lens? | The BYK Gardner Haze-Gard Test |
| Which lens test uses 40/80 grit, emery, & scotch-brite materials? | The Tumble Test |
| Which test assesses crazing & or delamination of the AR treatment? | The Cross-Hatch Adhesion Test |
| Which test is designed to determine the extent to which an AR treatment will recover following increases in temperature in a non-humid, dry heat enviornments? | The Craze/Heal Test |
| Which test mechanically rubs the lens using a 5 lb. weight? | The Anti-Static Test |
| What does the Bayer Test assess? | The AR treatments resistance to scratching |
| Which test uses the formula R=Dstd/Dtest to provide its results? | The Bayer Test |
| What causes a high contact angle measurement? | High-surface tension |
| Why is it important for an ECP to read the material the manufacturer produces about their AR products? | It offers highly technical information that cannot be obtained any other way. |
| True or False? The longer the wavelength of the UV rays, the greater the likelihood of biologic damage? | false |
| T or F? Single, high-level amounts of UV radiation can be damaging, but the eye is able to recover from long-term amounts of UV exposure without being affected? | false |
| T or F? A person's ability to work effectively under a situation of reduced illumination increases with age? | False |
| T or F? Coatings for plastic lenses are purely for scratch resistance & have no AR properties? | false |
| T or F? When a tint and an AR coating are both desired, plastic lenses should be dyed before they are AR coated? | true |
| T or F? Although in certain instances acuity may increase when a 10% neutral-density filter is worn in bright sunlight, persons older than age 40 years experience poorer vision if the filter is darker than 10%? | true |
| T or F? Normal transmission for average sunglasses runs between 15% and 30%? | true |
| T or F? Exposure to sunlight over an extended period of time will reduce the time needed for the eye to dark adapt? | false |
| T or F? Yellow tints help nighttime driving because they eliminate blue haze? | false |
| T or F? With AR coatings, it is possible to have any one of a range of reflex colors or no color at all and still produce an efficient coating? | true |
| T or F? The quality of the AR coating is not indicated by the evenness of the reflex color of the coating? | false |
| T or F? An AR coating will make a lightly tinted lens perform better at night than it otherwise would perform with the tint but no AR coating? | true |
| T or F? The process of adding an AR coating to a tinted plastic lens sometimes changes the color of the tint? | true |
| T or F? AR coating the back surface of a pair of sunglasses is not advisable because it lets more light through the lens? | false |
| T or F? An AR-coated lens is best cleaned in office by using an ultrasonic cleaner? | false |
| T or F? An AR-coated lens is helpful by use of an antifog or antistatic agent? | false |
| T or F? Mirror coating provided good protection from sunlight if combined with a tint, but allows more UV & IR than a nonmirror-coated lens of equal transmission? | false |
| T or F? An antistatic coating is usually affected by exposure to antifog & antistatic agents? | false |
| T or F? UV or color dyeing a plastic photochromic aspects of the lens work better? | false |
| T or F? lenses that absorb the short end of the visible spectrum may help reduce some types of glare? | true |
| T or F? In denoting the amount of light absorbed by the lens, if numbers, such as, 1,2,3, are used, the higher the number, the more the light is allowed to pass through the lens? | false |
| T or F? There is no such thing as "glare control dye"? | false |
| T or F? Glare control-type lenses will not cause a decrease in scores on standardized color testing for color defectives? | false |
Created by:
Sarah Blackmon