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Chapter 7
Viruses and Bacteria
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| a tiny, nonliving particle that invades and then multiplies inside a living cell | virus |
| a living thing that provides a source of energy for a virus | host |
| organisms that live on or in a host and cause it harm | parasite |
| a virus that infects bacteria | bacteriophage |
| a substance introduced into the body to stimulate the production of chemicals that destroy disease causing viruses | vaccine |
| How are viruses similar to organisms? | They can multiply |
| What is the structure of a virus? | They have a protein coat that protects the virus and they have an inner core made of genetic material |
| How do viruses multiply? | A virus's genetic material takes over the cells functions and instructs the cell to produce the virus's protein and genetic material |
| How can you treat a viral disease? | Resting, drinking plenty of fluids, and eating well balanced meals. |
| bacteria | Single celled organisms that lack a nucleus |
| flagellum | a long, whip like structure that helps a bacterial cell move |
| binary fission | the method in which bacteria cells reproduce (a type of a sexual reproduction) |
| asexual reproduction | a reproductive process that involves only one parent and produces offspring that are identical |
| sexual reproduction | two parents combine their genetic material to produce a new organism which differs from both parents. |
| conjugation | one bacteria transfers some genetic material to another bacteria |
| endospore | a small resting cell that forms inside a bacterial cell and contains genetic material |
| pasteurization | when food is heated to a temperature high enough to kill harmful bacteria without changing the foods taste. |
| decomposer | organisms that break down large chemicals in dead organisms into smaller chemicals |
| How do bacterial cells differ from those of eukaryotes? | they have no nucleus |
| What do bacteria need to survive? | a source of food and a way of breaking down the food to release its energy |
| Under what conditions do bacteria thrive and reproduce? | must have food, right temperature, and other suitable conditions |
| What positive role to bacteria play in peoples life? | provide oxygen and food production. |
Created by:
hudsonl