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Chemistry

Vocabulary

TermDefinition
Atom Smallest piece of matter that has the same properties of the element it is in.
Proton A positive subatomic particle in the atoms nucleus. Is the identify of the element and atomic number.
Neutron A neutral subatomic particle in the atom's nucleus... has no charge and most of the mass.
Electron A negative subatomic particle spinning outside of the nucleus of an atom.
Element The simplest forms of matter that contain only one type of atom.
Periodic Table of Elements A chart that organizes all the elements by atomic number and properties.
Valence Electron The electron in the outer level of an atom that causes atoms to bond together.
Chemical Bond An interaction that holds 2 atoms together
Chemical Bonding The joining of atoms to form new substances.
Ionic Bond Is formed when electrons are transferred from one atom to another atom
Ion Charged particle or atom that gained or lost electrons.
Crystal Lattice Repeating, 3 dimensional pattern that forms when Ions bond
Covalent Bond The type of bond that forms when atoms share electrons instead of transferring them.
Metallic Bond A special bond between metal ions and the electrons that swim around them.
Malleability Metals can be pounded into thin sheets.
Ductility Metals can be stretched and drawn into wires
Electrical Conductivity Metal can conduct or carry electricity through wires.
Thermal Conductivity Metal can conduct or carry heat in order to cook food.
Electron Dot Diagram An easy way to show the valence electrons in an atom or chemical bond.
Compound A set of elements that are chemically bonded and changed into a new substance.
Chemical Formula A shorthand way to use chemical symbols and numbers to represent a substance.
Chemical Equation Uses symbols to show the relationship between the reactants and the products.
Subscript Small number to the right of the element that shows how many atoms there are of the element.
Coefficient The large number that multiplies atoms of the element.
Molecule 2 or more atoms joined in a definite ratio. Keeps physical and chemical properties.
Diatomic Molecule A molecule made of 2 atoms of the same element.
Reactant A substance or molecule that starts a chemical reaction.
Product The substance that forms as a result of a chemical reaction
Law of Conservation of Mass States that matter is neither created or destroyed in a chemical reaction.
Synthesis Reaction When two or more substances combine to create one new compound.
Decomposition Reaction A reaction where a single compound breaks down to form 2 simpler substances.
Single-Displacement Reaction One element replaces another element in compound leaving a new compound and 1 element .
Double Displacement Reaction The 2 metal ions in 2 compounds switch places in a chemical reactions.
Indicator Will change colors in the presence of an acid or a base.
Cell The smallest unit of life that can perform all life functions: eat, grow, reproduce
Cell Processes A group of cells that work together to do the same job
Organ A group of tissues that work together to perform body functions
Organ System A group of organs that work together to perform body functions.
Diffusion The movement of material from an area of high concentration into an area of low concentration.
Osmosis The movement of water across a semipermeable membrane.
Passive Transport When cells don’t use any energy to move materials in and out of the cells.
Active Transport When cells have to use energy to move materials in and out of the cell.
Endocytosis When a cell surrounds a large particle of pseudopod and uses energy to pull it into the call.
Exocytosis When a cell surrounds a particle in a vesicle and pushes it out of the cell
Photosynthesis When a plant cell uses water, sunlight, and carbon dioxide to create glucose for energy.
Cellular Respiration When animal cells use oxygen to process food into glucose (sugar) energy.
Fermentation A backup system for cells to create energy when the cells don’t have enough oxygen.
Created by: 15burgosemi