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Psych 2 Questions
Psych Exam 2
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| ______ involves teaching a person to distinguish the difference between the original conditioned stimulus and other stimuli that are similar to the conditioned stimulus. | B. Discrimination |
| ______ is one type of counterconditioning. | C. Systematic desensitization |
| Taste aversion is a real-life example of which of the following types of learning? | B. Classical conditioning |
| According to Thorndike’s law of effect _____. | B. behaviors followed by desirable outcomes are strengthened and behaviors followed by undesirable outcomes are weakened |
| Slot machines reward an average number of times, but on an unpredictable basis. This is an example of a ______ schedule of reinforcement. | B. variable-ratio |
| Applied behavior analysis (behavior modification) programs rely on what principles of learning to help people develop programs to change? | B. Operant |
| According to Bandura’s model of observational learning, which process determines whether or not an imitated or modeled act will be repeated? | B. Motor reproduction |
| Attention, deep processing, elaboration, and the use of mental imagery are _____ processes. | A. encoding |
| According to research, which is the most effective elaboration technique? | C. Thinking of self-references |
| _______ refers to auditory sensory memory, whereas _____ refers to visual sensory memory. | C. Echoic memory / iconic memory |
| In which subsystem of long-term memory is your knowledge of how to drive a car and how to ride a bike stored? | C. Nondeclarative (implicit) memory |
| The cerebellum and __________ play an important role in implicit memory. | A. cerebral cortex |
| According to Hermann Ebbinghaus, _____. | B. most forgetting occurs soon after we originally learned something. |
| A person suffering from retrograde amnesia will _____. | B. lose past memories but be able to make new ones |
| A(n) _____ is a strategy that guarantees a solution to a problem. | B. algorithm |
| _____ involves reasoning from a general case that we know to be true to a specific instance. | B. Deductive reasoning |
| The tendency to search for and use information that supports our ideas rather than refutes them is known as _____. | B. confirmation bias |
| Mindfulness involves _____. | A. being alert and mentally present for one’s everyday activities |
| Flexibility, inner motivation, willingness to face risk, and objective evaluation of work are characteristics of people who _____. | C. think creatively |
| If an intelligence test produces the same score over multiple administrations but it doesn’t accurately measure intelligence, then the test is __________ but not __________. | A. reliable; valid |
| The ability to analyze, judge, evaluate, compare, and contrast are characteristics of _____ intelligence. | B. analytical |
| During the course of successful prenatal development, a human begins as a(n) _____. | B. embryo and develops into a fetus |
| In which of Piaget’s stages does a child begin to represent the world with words and images? | A. preoperational |
| The strange situation test is used to assess an infant’s _____. | C. style of attachment |
| According to Erikson’s theory of socioemotional development, ______ is the best way to build | A. engaging in responsive care-giving |
| According to research on resilience, ______ is an advantage that can help children overcome hardship. A. havin | A. having a close, caring relationship with at least one parent |
| Adolescents often have difficulty controlling their emotions and making sound decisions about risky behavior. Brain research suggests that this is due to the fact that during adolescence_____. | A. the amygdala is developed earlier than the prefrontal cortex |
| The free-radical theory states that aging is caused by_____. | A. damage to DNA |
| According to drive reduction theory, the goal of drive reduction is _____. | B. homeostasis |
| When stimulated, the _____ increases eating. Stimulation of the _____ reduces hunger and restricts eating. | B. lateral hypothalamus / ventromedial hypothalamus |
| The highest and most elusive of Maslow’s needs is _____. | B. self-actualization |
| Adding external rewards to a situation in which the person is already intrinsically motivated to perform usually results in ______. | C. reduced intrinsic motivation |
| Research on delayed gratification indicates that the best way to resist temptation is to _____. | B. focus on something other than the forbidden activity |
| Which of the following brain structures plays an important role in the experience of fear? | B. The amygdala |
| 7. According to the concept of _____, any aspect of life that enhances our positive feelings is likely to do so for only a short period of time. | D. the hedonic treadmill |
| Piaget says our cognitive structure is built through assimilation and_______ | Accommodation |
| Which theory of emotion proposes the is sequence: emotional-arousal-fear: | Common Sense Theory |
Created by:
rachelleeann21