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7 Mixtures

Mixtures and Separation

TermDefinition
liquid One of the states of matter. Has a fixed volume but not a fixed shape.
solid One of the states of matter. Has a fixed shape and fixed volume.
gas One of the states of matter. Does not have a fixed shape or a fixed volume and is easy to squash.
dissolve When a substance breaks up into such tiny pieces in a liquid that it can no longer be seen and forms a solution.
method A description of how an experiment is carried out, written in simple, well-organised steps.
sequence Step-by-step in the correct order, such as the steps in a method for an experiment.
imperative verb A command to do something.
filtrate The liquid that passes through a filter.
mixture Two or more substances jumbled together but not joined to each other.
suspension A mixture of a solid and liquid, where the solid bits are heavy enough to settle out if the mixture is left to stand.
colloid A mixture of a solid, liquid or gas in a solid, liquid or gas, where the substances do not settle out if left to stand.
disperse To spread without settling out, such as the bits in a colloid.
opaque Not possible to see through.
solution When a substance has dissolved in a liquid. Solutions are transparent.
transparent Clear, can be seen through.
filter Anything, such as cloth, paper or a layer of sand, through which a liquid is passed to removesuspended pieces of solid.
to filter To separate solid substances that have not dissolved from a mixture containing solids and liquid.
sieve A mesh or grid with holes that holds back large solids from a mixture but allows smaller solid pieces and liquids through.
to sieve To separate large solids from a mixture using a sieve.
solvent The liquid in which a substance dissolves to make a solution.
solute The substance that has dissolved in a liquid to make a solution.
soluble Describes a substance that can dissolve in a liquid.
insoluble Describes a substance that cannot dissolve in a liquid.
saturated A solution that contains so much dissolved solute that no more solute can dissolve in it.
solubility The amount of substance that dissolves in a particular solvent at a particular temperature to make a saturated solution.
heating to dryness Evaporating the liquid from a solution to leave the solids that had been dissolved in it
evaporate To change from the liquid state to the gas state.
hazard A danger, or something that can harm.
risk The likelihood that a hazard may cause harm.
evaporation When a substance changes from its liquid state to its gas state, for example when the gas escapes from the surface of the liquid into the air.
sodium chloride The chemical name for table salt.
boiling When there is liquid turning into a gas in all parts of a liquid, creating bubbles of gas in the liquid.
boiling point The temperature at which a liquid boils.
chromatography A method that separates out dissolved substances in a mixture, using a liquid or gas solvent. T
paper chromatography Chromatography where the solvent moves through paper, carrying the dissolved solids.
chromatogram The results of chromatography (e.g. a dried piece of paper for paper chromatography), when the dissolved solids have been separated.
desalination To produce fresh drinking water by separating the water from the salts in salty water.
distillation The process of separating a liquid from a mixture by evaporating the liquid and then condensing it (so that it can be collected).
steam Water as a gas. May also be called water vapour.
condense When a substance changes from its gas state to its liquid state.
still Apparatus that can be used for distillation.
Created by: Zigs.uk
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