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Chem Vocab-Tonkin

3-3 vocab-atoms

TermDefinition
mass number the sum of the number of neutrons and protons in an atomic nucleus
Avogadro's number the number of atoms in a mole 6.02×1023 mol−1
law of conservation of mass states that matter can be changed from one form into another, mixtures can be separated or made, and pure substances can be decomposed, but the total amount of mass remains constant
mole unit of measurement that expresses amounts of a chemical substance
atom the smallest unit that defines the chemical elements and their isotopes
deuterium one of two stable isotopes of hydrogen
law of definite proportions a.k.a. Proust's Law, states that a chemical compound always contains exactly the same proportion of elements by mass
proton a subatomic particle with a positive electric charge of 1 elementary charge and mass slightly less than that of a neutron
tritium a radioactive isotope of hydrogen
molar mass the mass of a given substance
protium the most common isotope of the element hydrogen, with one proton and no neutrons
neutron subatomic particle with no net electric charge and a mass slightly larger than that of a proton
isotope variants of a particular chemical element such that while all isotopes of a given element have the same number of protons in each atom, they differ in neutron number
average atomic mass the mass of an isotope of an element in atomic mass units
law of multiple proportions Dalton's law, if two elements form more than one compound between them, then the ratios of the masses of the second element which combine with a fixed mass of the first element will be ratios of small whole numbers
atomic number the number of protons found in the nucleus of an atom of that element
atomic mass unit the standard unit that is used for indicating mass on an atomic or molecular scale 1.66053892 × 10-27 kilograms
electrons subatomic particle with a negative elementary electric charge
Created by: molllykay
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