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English Exam 1

Literary Elements 10/14/14

TermDefinition
Antagonist The force working against the protagonist, or main character.
Author’s Purpose The writer’s intent or reason for writing. 
 Examples: To express thoughts or feelings, to inform or explain, to persuade, and to entertain.
Cause and Effect When one event brings about another.
Character (Central and Minor) The most important or main character(s) in literary work The less important or secondary character(s) in literary work.
Character (Dynamic and Static) The character in a literary work who undergoes important changes as a plot unfolds. The character in a literary work who remains the same throughout the story.
Characterization Consists of all of the techniques writers use to create and develop a character. For example: physical characteristics; thoughts/speech/actions; and a character’s nature.
Conflict The struggle between opposing forces; usually the story’s focus. Internal: The conflict that occurs within a character. External: When a character struggles against a force outside him/herself, such as nature, a physical obstacle, or another character.
Flashback An interruption in action to present actions that took place in an earlier time or place.
Foreshadowing When a writer provides hints that suggest future events in a story. Foreshadowing creates suspense and makes readers eager to find out what will happen.
Imagery Words and phrases that appeal to a reader’s five senses. Writers use sensory details to help the reader imagine how things look, feel, smell, sound and taste.
Mood The atmosphere a work conveys (the feeling). For example: ominous, heart-warming, cheerful
Moral The lesson that a story teaches. A fable is an example of a story with a moral.
Motivation The character’s reason for their behaviors.
Personification Giving human qualities / characteristics to an animal, object, or idea.
Plot (Exposition) The series of events in a story. The first stage of a story plot. It provides important background information and introduces the setting and the important characters. The conflict may also be introduced at this stage.
Plot (Complications/Rising Action) The stage that develops the conflict, or struggle. The events at this stage build toward a climax, or turning point.
Plot (Climax) The point of greatest interest in a story or play. At this stage the conflict is resolved and the outcome of the plot becomes clear.
Plot (Resolution) This is the final stage where the outcome of the story is fully worked out.
Point of View The perspective from which a story is told. For example: 1st = narrator (“I, Me, My”) 3rd = another source (“He, She, It”) 2nd = directives (“you”), such as directions or recipes.
Point of View (Subjective) This perspective includes personal opinions, feelings and beliefs.
Point of View (Objective) This perspective presents information in a straightforward, unbiased way.
Point of View (Omniscient) The reader is all seeing and all knowing.
Point of View (Limited omniscient) They can see and know all for a certain part of the story or certain characters.
Protagonist The main character in a story, play or novel. He/she is involved in the main conflict of the story and usually undergoes changes as the plot runs its course.
Setting The time and place of a story.
Symbol A person, place, object or activity that stands for something else. For example a white dove is a bird that represents peace.
Theme A message about life or human nature that the writer shares with the reader.
Tone Expresses that writer’s attitude toward his or her subject. For example: angry, sad, or humorous.
Created by: whitee20
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