Four bones, containing paranasal sinuses

Ethmoid, Frontal, Maxillae, and Sphenoid

Mucosa-lined air-filled cavities in bone

What purpose do they serve in the skull?

They lighten the skull and serve as resonance chambers for speech

What are they so susceptible to infection?

Their mucosa is continuous with that of the nasal passages into which they drain

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A&P 9 weeks test

Question	Answer
Site of spongy bone in the adult	Epiphysis
Site of compact bone in the adult	Diaphysis
Site of Hematopoiesis in the adult	Epiphysis and red marrow
Scientific name for bone shaft	Diaphysis
Site of fat storage in the adult	Yellow marrow cavity
Site of longitudinal growth in a child	Epiphyseal plate
When blood calcium levels begin to drop below homeostatic levels, ____ is released, causing calcium to be released from bones	Parathyroid hormone
Mature bone cells, called ____, maintain bone in a viable state	osteocytes
Disuse such as that caused by paralysis or severe lack of exercise results in muscle and bone	Atrophy
Large tubercles and/or increased deposit of bone matrix occur at sites of ____	stress and/or tension
Immature, or matrix-depositing, bone cells are referred to as ____	Osteoblasts
____ causes blood calcium to be deposited in bones s calcium salts	Calcitonin
Bone cells that liquefy bone matrix and release calcium to the blood are called _____	Osteoclasts
Our astronauts must do isometric exercises when in space because bones atrophy under conditions of weightlessness or lack of ____	Gravity
Hematopoiesis, Red Marrow, Yellow Marrow, and Spongy bone	yellow marrow
Lamellae, Canaliculi, circulation, osteoblasts	osteoblasts
Osteo, Marrow cavity, Central canal, Canaliculi	Marrow Cavity
Epiphysis surface, Articular Cartilage, Periosteum, and Hyaline Cartilage	Periosteum
Forehead bone	Frontal
Cheekbone	Zygomatic
Lower jaw	Mandible
Bridge of nose	Nasals
Posterior part of hand palate	Palatines
Much of the lateral and superior cranium	Parietals
Most posterior part of cranium	Occipital
Single, irregular, bat-shaped bone, forming part of the cranial floor	Sphenoid
tiny bones, bearing tear ducts	Lacrimals
Anterior part of hard palate	Maxillae
Superior and middle nasal conchae formed from its projections	Ethmoid
Site of mastoid process	Temporals
Site of sella turcica	Sphenoid
Site of cribriform plate	Ethmoid
Site of mental foramen	Mandible
Site of styloid process	Temporals
Four bones, containing paranasal sinuses	Ethmoid, Frontal, Maxillae, and Sphenoid
Its condyles articulate with the atlas	Occipital
Foramen magnum contained here	Occipital
Middle ear found here	Tempoarals
Nasal septum	Vomer
Bears an upward protrusion, the "cock's comb," or crista galli	Ethmoid
Site of external acoustic meatus	Temporals
When a bone forms a fibrous membrane, the process is called ______ ossification	intramembrous
When trapped in lacunae, osteoblasts change into ____	osteocytes
Large numbers of ____ are found in the inner periosteum layer	mesenchymal cells
_____ ossification centers appear in the epiphyses of a long bone	Secondary
Epiphyseal plates are made of ____	hyaline cartilage
In appositional growth, bone reabsorption occurs on the ____ surface	endoseal
"Maturation" of newly formed (non calcified) bone matrix takes about ___	12 days
What are sinuses?	Mucosa-lined air-filled cavities in bone
What purpose do they serve in the skull?	They lighten the skull and serve as resonance chambers for speech
What are they so susceptible to infection?	Their mucosa is continuous with that of the nasal passages into which they drain
Structure that encloses the nerve cord	Vertebral arch
Weight-bearing part of the vertebra	Body
Provides layers for the muscles to pull against	Spinous process and Transverse process
Provides an articulation point for the ribs	Transverse process
Openings allowing spinal nerves to pass	Intervertebral foramina
In describing abnormal curvatures it could be wait that ___ is an exaggerated thoracic curvature	kyphosis
The vertebral column is displaces laterally	Scoliosis
Arm bone	Humerus
Bones composing the shoulder girdle	Scapula and Clavicle
Formarm bones	Radius and Ulna
Shoulder girdle bone that has no attachment to the axial skeleton	Scapula
Shoulder girdle bone that articulates anteriorly wight he sternum	Clavicle
Commonly called the collarbone	Clavicle
Medial bone of the forearm in anatomical position	Ulna
Forearm bone involved in formation of elbow joint	Ulna
Bones of the wrist	Carpals
Boens of the fingers	Phalanges
Heads of these bones form the knuckles	Metacarpals
Tibia, Ulna, Fibula, and Femur	Ulna
Skull, Rib cage, Vertebral column, Pelvis	Pelvis
Ischium, Scapula, Ilium, and Pubis	Scapula
Mandible, Frontal bone, Temporal bone, and Occipital bone	Mandible
Calcaneus, Tarsals, Carpals, and Talus	Carpals
Longest bone ein bodyl articulates with the coxal bone	Femur
Lateral bone of the leg	Fibula
Medial bone of the leg	Tibia
Bones forming the knee joint	Femur, Patella, and Tibia
Kneecap	Patella
shinebone	Tibia
Heel bone	Calcaneus
Boens of the ankle	Tarsals
Bones forming the instep of the foot	Metatarsals
The ____ girdle is formed by the articulation of the hip bones and the sacrum	Pelvic
Bones present in both the hand and the foot are ____	Phalanges
The tough, fibrous connective tissue covering of a bone is the ____	periosteum
The point of fusion of the three bones forming a coxal bone is the _____	acetabulum
The large nerve that must be avoided when giving injections into the buttock muscles is the ____ nerve	Sciatic
The long bones of a fetus are constructed of ____ cartilage	hyaline
Bones that provide the most protection tot he abdominal viscera are the ____	hip bones
The largest foramen in the skull is the ____ ____	formen magnum
The intercondylar fossa, greater trochanter, and tibial tuberosity are all bone markings of the _____	femur
The first major even of fracture healing is _____	hematoma formation
Bone is broken cleanly; the ends do not penetrate the skin	Simple frature
Nonsurgical realignment of broken bone ends and splitting of bone	Closed reduction
A break common in children; bone splinters, but break is incomplete	Greenstick fracture
A fracture in which the bone is crushed; common in the vertebral column	Compression fracture
A fracture in which the bone ends penetrate through the skin surface	Compound fracture
Surgical realignment of broken bone ends	Open Reduction
A result of twisting forces	Spiral fracture
A _____ usually forms at a fracture site	hematoma
Deprived of nutrition, _____ at the fracture site die	osteocytes
Nonbony debris at the fracture site is removed by _____	phagocytes
Growth of a new capillary supply into the region produces ______	granulation tissue
Osteoblasts from the ______ mirage to the fracture site	Periosteum
The ________ is the first repair mass to splint the broken bone	Fibrocartilage callus
The bony callus is initially composed of _____ bone	spongy
In a ____, the ligaments reinforcing a joint are excessively stretched or town	sprain
Age-related erosion of articular cartilages and formation of painful boney spurs are characteristic of _____	osteoarthritis
_____ arthritis usually results from bacterial invasion	Acute
Healing of a partially torn ligament is slow because its hundreds of fibrous strands are poorly ____	vascularized
________ is an autoimmune disease	Rheumatoid arthritis
High levels of uric acid in the blood may lead to ______	gout arthritis
A "soft" bone condition in children, usually caused by a lack of calcium or vitamin D in the diet, is called _____	rickets
Atrophy and thinning of bone owing to hormonal changes or inactivity is called ______	osteoporosis
Conveys the sense of pain in bone and joints	Nervous
Activates vitamin D for proper calcium usage	Urinary
Regulates uptake and release of calcium by bones	Endocrine
Increases bone strength and viability by pulling action	Muscular
Influences skeleton proportions and adolescent growth of long bones	Endocrine
Provides vitamin D for proper calcium absorption	Integumentary
"soft sports"	frontals

Created by: leah.howard

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