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ap gov ch 11 vocab
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Interest group | An organization of people with shared policy goals entering the policy process at several points to try to achieve those goals. Interest groups pursue their goals in many arenas. |
| Pluralist Theory | A theory of gov. and politics emphasizing that politics is mainly competition among groups, each one pressing for its own preferred policies |
| Subgovernments | A network of groups within the American political system that exercise a great deal of control over specific policy areas. aka iron triangles |
| Potential group | all the people who might be interest group members because they share some common interest |
| actual group | That part of the potential group consisting of members who actually join |
| Collective good | Something of value (money, tax write off, clean air) that cannot be withheld from a group member |
| Free rider problem | The problem faced by unions and other groups when people do not join because they can benefit from the group's activities without officially joining. |
| Olson's law of large groups | Advanced by Mancur Olson, a principle stating that "the larger the group, the further it will fall short of providing an optimal amount of a collective good |
| selective benefits | Goods (such as information publications, travel discounts) that a group can restrict to those who pay their annual dues |
| Single issue group | Groups that have a narrow interest, tend to dislike compromise, and often draw membership from people new to politics. |
| lobbying | "communication by someone other than a citizen acting on his own behalf, directed to a governmental decision maker with the hope of influencing his decision |
| electioneering | Direct group involvement in the electoral process. Groups can help fund campaigns, provide testimony, and get members to work for the candidates, and some form political action committees |
| Political action committees | Political funding vehicles created by the 1974 campaign finance reforms. |
| amicus curiae briefs | legal briefs submitted by a "friend of the court" for the purpose of raising additional points of view and presenting information not contained in the briefs of the formal parties. |
| Class action lawsuits | Lawsuits permitting a small number of people to sue on behalf of all other people similarly situated |
| union shop | A provision found in some collective bargaining agreements requiring all employees of a business to join the union within a short period |
| right-to-work laws | A state law forbidding requirements that workers must join a union to hold ther jobs. |
| Public interest lobbies | According to jeff berry, organizations that seek "a collective good, the achievement of which will not selectively and materially benefit the membership or activities of the organization |
| elite theory | Theory in government- societies are divided along class lines, and upper class will rule |
| hyperpluralist theory | Theory in government- the government is weakened by groups |
Created by:
tristandepurz