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Unit 2

Question	Answer
What was one of the biggest issues early in the Obama administration?	Health Care Reform.
What study aims to understand the distribution of the population's beliefs about politics and policy issues?	Public Opinion?
What is the science of population changes?	Demography.
What does "census" mean?	An actual enumeration of the population.
In 2010, a census form was mailed out to how many residential addresses in the United States?	134 million.
What happens when communities are under-counted in the census?	They end up getting less from the federal government than they should.
The United States has always been a nation of what?	Immigrants.
Federal law allows for how many immigrants per year?	About 1 million.
Who came here during the first wave of immigration?	English, Irish, Germans, and Scandinavians.
Who came here during the second wave of immigration?	Italians, Jews, Poles, Russians, and Others.
What place did they come through to enter the country?	Ellis Island in New York.
Who immigrated to the U.S during the 3rd Wave, in the 1960's?	Hispanics and Asians.
What is a term used to characterize the U.S with its history of immigration and mixing of cultures, ideas, and peoples?	The Melting Pot.
What four groups were the first to have immigration restrictions imposed upon them after 1874?	Criminals, Prostitutes, lunatics, and people with serious diseases.
What was the first geographically based restrictions which was imposed in 1882?	The Chinese Exclusion Act.
What 1985 law made family integration the prevailing goal for U.S immigration policy?	The Hart-Cellar Immigration and Nationally Act.
Countries that attract immigrants with what can improve their economic status?	Valuable Skills.
Which immigrants are the most likely skilled group in American History?	The Asians.
What do we call the process of reallocating seats in the House Of Representatives every ten years on the basis of the results of the census?	Reapportionment.
What term describes an overall set of values widely shared within a society?	Political Culture.
What is the fastest growing age group in America?	Citizens over 65.
What is the U.S.s second most costly public policy?	The Social Security system.
What is the term for the process through which an individual acquires his or her particular political orientations?	Political socialization.
Governments aim their socialization efforts largely at who?	The young.
Who are particularly concerned with indoctrinating their citizens at an early age?	Authoritarian Regimes.
What is another name for the Young Communist Leagues?	The Komsomol.
Americans do most of their political learning without what two things?	Teachers or Classes.
What process might be best described by words like "pick up" and "Absorb"?	The informal Socialization process.
The family's role is socialization concerns what two crucial resources?	Time and emotional commitment.
What is considered the "new parent" according to many observers?	The mass media.
Who led the opposition to the American regime and war in Vietnam?	Well-Socialized youths of the 1960's.
Public schools are financed by what?	The government.
What is the most obvious intrusion of the government into American's socialization?	Schooling.
What term means a relatively small proportion of people who are chosen in a survey so as to be representative of the whole?	Sample.
What key technique employed by survey researchers operates on the principle that everyone should have an equal probability of being selected for the samples?	Random Sampling.
What is a "sampling error"?	The level of confidence in the findings of a public opinion poll.
Sampling error depends on what?	The size of the sample.
What (and not the number of responses) is the most important feature of a public opinion survey?	Accurate Representation.
What two things have made surveying less expensive less expensive and more commonplace?	Computer and telephone technology.
What is the term for a technique used by pollsters to place telephone calls randomly to both listed and unlisted numbers when conducting a survey?	Random-Digit dialing.
Government studies in 2012 showed that how many households had cell phone service only?	One in four.
Who is Mark Mellman?	One of America's top political pollsters/
The future of polling may lie with what?	The internet.
What is the name of one Internet Pollster?	Knowledge Networks.
Who conducted the 1932 polls for his mother-in-law in Iowa?	George Gallup.
What is a term for public opinion surveys used by major media pollsters to predict electoral winners with speed and presision?	Exit Poll.
Who is President Obama's chief pollster?	Joel Benenson.
What does "bandwagon effect" mean to us today?	It refers to voters who support a candidate merely they see that others are doing so.
In the late 1960s and early 70s what two things shook the people's confidence in the federal government?	Vietnam and Watergate.
By 1980, how much of the public thought the government could be trusted most of the time or always?	One-quarter.
Some analysts state that what helps to keep politicians on their toes?	A healthy dose of public cynicism.
What will not stop Americans from rallying behind their government in times of national crisis?	Cynicism.
The greatest impact of declining trust in government since the 1960s has been to drain what?	Public support for policies that address the problems of poverty and racial inequality.
What is "political ideology"?	A coherent sets of beliefs about politics, public policy, and public purpose, which helps give meaning to political events.
In the late 1960s and early 70s what two things shook the people's confidence in the federal government?	Vietnam and Watergate.
By 1980, how much of the public thought the government could be trusted most of the time or always?	One-quarter.
Some analysts state that what helps to keep politicians on their toes?	A healthy dose of public cynicism.
What will not stop Americans from rallying behind their government in times of national crisis?	Cynicism.
The greatest impact of declining trust in government since the 1960s has been to drain what?	Public support for policies that address the problems of poverty and racial inequality.
What is "political ideology"?	A coherent sets of beliefs about politics, public policy, and public purpose, which helps give meaning to political events.
What ideology supports a wide scope for the central government, often involving policies that aim to promote equality?	Liberal.
What ideology supports a less active scope of government that gives freer rein to the private sector?	Conservative.
The _______ the individual, the less likely that person is to be a conservative?	Younger.
What group is over represented at the polls?	Conservatives.
What is the gender gap?	A regular pattern in which women are more likely to support Democratic candidates.
What is a traditional source of division between liberals and conservatives?	Financial status.
Who are the most liberal demographic group in the country?	Jews.
"The American Voter" examines what?	How much people rely on ideology to guide their political thinking.
What is a term for people who think in ideological terms?	Ideologues.
What are "group benefits" voters?	People who think of politics mainly in terms of the groups they like or dislike.
Who are "nature of the times" voters?	People whose opinion of politics are limited to whether the times seem good or bad to them.
Who are the "no issue content" group?	Those who vote routinely for a party or judge candidates solely by their personalities.
Some people have concluded that people have seemed more informed and ideological only because of what?	Because the wording of the questions changed.
Who are the political elite?	Politicians, activists, and journalists.
What "color" are the liberal states?	Blue.
What "color" are the conservative states?	Red.
What terms does Fiorina use to describe the views of the American citizenry?	Moderate, centrist, nuanced, ambivalent.
What terms does he use for what Americans are not?	Extreme, polarized, unconditional, dogmatic.
Who have changed with the changing social mores of the times?	All ideological groups.
What is Political Participation?	All the activities used by citizens to influence the selection of political leaders.
What is the most common means of political participation in a democracy?	Voting.
What are two other means of political participation?	Protest and civil disobedience.
What gets the grease?	The squeaky wheel.
How do citizens squeak?	By participating.
What percent of Americans say they are proud of how democracy works?	80%
What is a form of political participation designed to achieve policy change through dramatic and unconventional tactics?	Protest.
What does Conventional participation include?	Many widely accepted modes of influencing government, like voting, trying to persuade others, ringing doorbells for a petition, running for office, etc.
What does unconventional participation include?	Activities that are often dramatic, such as protesting,civil disobedience, and even violence.
What is the only political activity for which there is evidence of a deadline in participation in recent years?	Voting.
What was one of the most effective techniques in the Civil rights movement in the American South?	Nonviolent civil disobedience.
What helps protesters a great deal?	The media's willingness to cover the unusual.
What is "civil disobedience"?	A form of political participation based on a conscious decision to break a law believed to be unjust and to suffer the consequences.
Why did an 89-year-old woman walk across the country?	To draw attention to the need for campaign finance reform.
What do demonstrating coordinates do?	They steer participants to prearranged staging areas and provide facilities to press coverage.
In the 1840s, why did Henry David Thoreau refuse to pay his taxes?	To protest the Mexican War.
Martin Luther King, Jr. was influenced by what leader?	Mahatma Gandhi.
King was awarded what at the age of 35(the youngest person to ever receive this honor)?	the Nobel Peace Prize.
The U.S is a nation born in what?	Rebellion.
What do minorities have that gives them an extra incentive to vote?	Group Consciousness.
In recent year, there have been calls for more democracy where?	Third world countries.
The average person is not very well informed political issues, informed the crucial issue of what?	The scope of government.
Who called for the government to "get off the backs of the American people"?	Ronald Reagan.
Public opinion on the scope of the government is often what?	Complex and inconsistent.
Many political scientists have concluded that Americans are ideological conservatives but operational liberal.What does this mean?	That they oppose the idea of government in principle but favor it in practice.
What leads to policy gridlock?	Contradictory public opinion .
In policy gridlock, how do politicians contribute to the problem?	Both liberals and conservatives make a plausible case that the public is on their side.
American democracy is representative rather than what?	Direct.
Americans often take what for granted?	The opportunity to replace their leaders at the next election?
Most voters choose performance criteria over what?	Policy Criteria.

Created by: 1415aprilcampbell

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