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Stack #1685256
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| hematopoiesis | blood cell formation that occurs within the marrow cavities of certain bones |
| compact bone | dense and looks smooth and homogeneous |
| spongy bone | composed of small needlelike pieces of bone and lots of open space |
| long bone | mostly compact bone - all limbs except the write and ankle bones |
| short bone | cube-shaped and contain mostly spongy bone - wrist and ankle |
| flat bone | thin, flattened, and usually curve with two thin layers of compact bone with a layer of spongy bone between them - skull, ribs, and sternum |
| irregular bone | bones that do not fit - vertebrae and hip bone |
| diaphysis | shaft |
| periosteum | covers diaphysis and made up of fibrous connective tissue membrane |
| epiphyses | ends of the long bone - consists of thin layers of compact bone enclosing an area filled with spongy bone |
| articular cartilage | covers external surface - smooth, slippery surface that decreases friction at joint surfaces |
| epiphyseal line | thin line of bony tissue spanning the epiphysis in adult bones |
| epiphyseal plate | flat plate of hyaline cartilage in young kids - cause the lengthwise growth of a long bone |
| yellow marrow (medullary) cavitiy | cavity of the shaft primarily a storage area for adipose (Fat) tissue in adults in infants this area forms blood cells |
| red marrow | confined to the cavities of spongy bone of flat bones and the epiphyses of some long bone |
| bone markings | surfaces that aren't smooth but scarred with bumps, holes, and ridges |
| osteocytes | mature bone cells in the lacunae |
| lacunae | tiny cavities with a matrix |
| lamellae | lucunae are arranged in concentric circles |
| central (Haversian) canals | run lengthwise through the bony matrix, carrying blood vessels and nerves to all areas of the bone |
| osteon or Haversian system | complex each consisting of central canal and matrix rings |
| canaliculi | tiny canals that radiate outward from the central canals to all lacunae |
| perforating (Volkmann's) canals | communication pathway from outside of the bone to its interior which run into compact bone at right angles to the shaft |
| ossification | process of bone formation |
| osteoblasts | hyaline cartilage model is completely covered with bone matrix by bone-forming cells |
| osteoclasts | giant bone-destroying cells in bones, to break down bone matrix and release calcium ions into the blood |
| bone remodeling | essential if bones are to retain normal proportions and strength during long bone growth as the body increases size |
| fracture | breaks |
| closed reduction (during a fracture) | bone ends are coaxed back into their normal position |
| open reduction (during a fracture) | surgery is performed and the bones are secured together with pins or wires |
| hematoma | blood vessels are ruptured during a bone break and swelling occurs |
| fibrocartilage callus | formation of repair tissue that contains - cartilage matrix, bony matrix, collagen fibers - and acts to "splint" the broken bone, closing the gap |
| bony callus | as more osteoblasts and osteoclasts migrate into the area, fibrocartilage is replaced by a callus made of spongy bone |
Created by:
kenzielee