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EMT Chapter 3
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| abandonment | unilateral termination of care by the EMT without the patient's consent and without making provisions for transferring care to another medical professional with the skills and training necessary to meet the needs of the patient |
| advance directive | written documentation that specifies medical treatment for a competent patient should the patient become unable to make decisions; also called a living will or health care directive |
| applied ethics | the manner in which principles of ethics are incorporated into professional conduct |
| assault | unlawfully placing a patient in fear of bodily harm |
| battery | touching a patient or providing care without consent |
| bioethics | the study of ethics related to issues that arise in health care |
| breach of confidentiality | disclosure of information without proper authorization |
| certification | a process in which a person, an institution, or a program is evaluated and recognized as meeting certain predetermined standards to prove safe and ethical care |
| compensatory damages | damages awarded in a civil suit that are intended to restore the plaintiff to the same condition that he or she was in prior to the incident complained about the lawsuit |
| competent | able to make rational decisions about personal well-being |
| consent | permission to render care |
| contributary negligence | a legal defense that may be raised when the defendant feels that the conduct of the plaintiff somehow contributed to any injuries or damages that were sustained by the plaintiff |
| decision making capacity | ability to understand and process information and make a choice regarding appropriate medical care |
| defamation | the communication of false information about a person that is damaging to that person's reputation or standing in the community |
| dependent lividity | blood settling to the lowest point of the body, causing discoloration of the skin |
| depositions | oral questions asked of parties and witnesses under oath |
| discovery | the phase of a civil suit where the plaintiff and defense obtain information from each other that will enable attorneys to have a better understanding of the case and which will assist in negotiating a possible settlement or in preparing for trial. |
| do not resuscitate (DNR) orders | written documentation by a physician giving permission to medical personnel to not attempt resuscitation in the event of cardiac arrest |
| durable power of attorney for health care | a type of advance directive executed by a competent adult that appoints another individual to make medical treatment desicions on his or her behalf in the event that the person making the appointment loses the decision making capacity |
| duty to act | a medicolegal term relating to certain personnel who either by statue or by function have a responsibility to act. |
| emancipated minors | a person who is under legal age in a given state but, because of other circumstances, is legally considered an adult |
| emergency | a serious situation, such as injury or illness, that threatens the life or welfare if a person or group of people and require immediate intervention |
| emergency doctrine | the principle of law that permits a health care provider to treat a patient in an emergency situation where the patient is incapable of granting consent because of an altered level of consciousness, disability, drugs, alcohol, or patient's age. |
| emergency medical care | immediate care or treatment |
| ethics | the philosophy of right or wrong, of moral duties, and of ideal professional behavior |
| expressed consent | a type of consent in which a patient gives express authorization for provision of care or transport |
| false imprisonment | the confinement of a person without legal authority or the person's consent |
| forcible restraint | the act of physically preventing an individual from initiating any physical action |
| Good Samaritan laws | statutory provisions enacted by many stated to protect citizens from liability for errors and omissions in giving good faith emergency medical care, unless there is wanton, gross, or willful negligence |
| governmental immunity | if your service is covered by immunity, it may mean that you cannot be sued or it may limit the amount of the monetary judgement that the plaintiff may recover; generally applies only to EMS services that are operated by municipalities or other government |
| gross negligence | conduct that constitutes a willful or reckless disregard for a duty or standard of care |
| health care directive | a written document that specifies medical treatment for a competent patient, should he or she become unable to make decisions. Also known as an advance directive or living will |
| health care proxies | a type of advance directive executed by a competent adult that appoints another individual to make a medical treatment decisions on his or her behalf in the even tha the person making the appointment loses decision making capacity. |
| implied consent | type of consent in which a patient who is unable to give consent is given treatment under the legal assumption that he or she would want treatment |
| informed consent | permission for treatment given by a competent patient after the potential risks, benefits, and alternatives to treatment have been explained |
| in loco parentis | refers to the legal responsibility of a person or organization to take on some of the functions and responsibilities of a parent |
| interrogatories | written questions that the defense and plaintiff sent to one other |
| kidnapping | the seizing, confining, abducting, or carrying away of a person by force, including transporting a competent adult for medicial treatment without his or her consent |
| libel | false and damaging information about a person that is communicated in writing |
| licensure | the process whereby a competent authority; usually the state, allows individuals to perform a regulated act |
| mediocolegal | a term relating to medical jurisprudence (law) or forensic medicine |
| morality | a code of conduct that can be defined by a society, religion, or a person, affecting character, conduct, and conscience |
| negligence | failure to provide the same care that a peron with similar training would provide |
| negligence per se | a theory that may be used when the conduct of a person being sued is alleged to have occurred in clear or violation of a statute |
| patient autonomy | the right of a patient to make informed choices regarding his or her health care |
| precedence | basing current action on lessons, rules, or guidelines derived from previous similar experiences |
| protected health information (PHI) | any information about health status, provision of health care, or payment for health care that can be linked to an individual. This is interpreted rather broadly and includes any part of a patient's medical record or payment history |
| proximate causation | when a person who has a duty abused it, and causes harm to another individual, the EMT, the agency, and/or the medical director may be sued for negligence |
| punitive damages | damages that are sometimes awarded in a civil suit when the conduct of the defendant was intentional or sonstituted a reckless disregard for safety or the public |
| putrefaction | decomposition of body tissues |
| res ipsa loquitor | when the EMT or and EMS service is held liable even when the plaintiff is unable to clearly demonstrate how an injury occurred. |
| rigor mortis | stiffening of the body; a definite sign of death |
| scope of practice | most commonly defined by state law; outlines the care you are able to provide for the patient |
| slander | false and damaging information about a person that is communicated by the spoken work |
| standard of care | written, accepted levels of emergency care expected by reason of training and profession; written by legal or professional organizations so that patients are not exposed to unreasonable risk or harm |
| statue of limitations | the time within which a case must be commenced |
| tort | a wrongful act that gives rise to a civil suit |
Created by:
jessicahawbecker