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Pharmacology
Chapter 12
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| The term pathogenic means | disease causing |
| Antibiotics are substances produces by microorganisms that can | inhibit or kill other microorganisms |
| Subtherapeutic doses are those that are | below the level used to treat diseases |
| The mechanisms of action for the sulfonamides include | blocking the biosynthetic pathway of folic acid |
| Tiny genetic parasites that require the host cell to replicate and spread are known as | viruses |
| Cephalosporins are classified in how many generations | 4 |
| Protozoa are an example of | parasites |
| Antimicrobial agents tend to destroy microbes, prevent their multiplication or growth, or prevent their | pathogenic action |
| The term bactericidal means | killing microbes |
| The term bacteriostatic means | inhibiting microbial growth |
| Bacteria that have the ability to resist decolorization with alcohol after being treated with Gram's crystal violet stain are known as | gram positive |
| A reaction to a foreign serum is known as | serum sickness |
| Examples of agents with gram negative spectrum are | cephalosporins |
| The range of bacteria against which an agent is effective is known as its | antibacterial spectrum |
| Antibiotics effective against a wide range of organisms are known as | broad spectrum |
| The most common superinfection is | diarrhea |
| Nucleoside analogs are derived from | nucleic acid |
| Patients with weakened immune systems are termed to be | immunocompromised |
| The most common cause of death for people with a chronic or critical illness is | infection |
| Control of infectious disease occurrence depends on breaking the | chain of transmission |
| Antibiotics were discovered in 1928 by | Sir Alexander Fleming |
| The first sulfonamide used with great success in combating pneumonia was | sulfapyridine |
| The original penicillin was | penicillin G |
| First generation cephalosporins have their highest activity against | gram positive bacteria |
| Aminoglycosides are very important for the treatment caused by | gram negative bacilli |
| For patients who are allergic to penicillins, which of the following types of drugs are commonly used instead for infections? | Macrolides |
| Agents that have become a dominant class of antimicrobials since 1990 are known as | fluoroquinolones |
| Agents that may cause discoloration in the developing teeth of children younger than 8 years old are known as | tetracyclines |
| Chloramphenicol should only be used for | very serious infections that cannot be managed by other drugs |
| The best drug for the topical treatment of acne vulgaris appears to be | clindomycin |
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tmsims74