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CDL driving safe
Driving Saftey
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is the most important reason for doing a vehicle inspection? | Safety is the most important reason. Safety for yourself and for other road users. |
| What things should you check during a trip? | 1. Watch your gauges for signs of trouble 2. Use senses to check for problems 3. Check critical items when you stop 4. Instruments 5. Air pressure guage (if you have air breaks 6. Temp & pressure guages 7. Ammeter/volt mirrors |
| What are critical items? | Tires, wheels, rims, brakes, lights, reflectors, brake and electrical connection to trailer, trailer coupling devices, cargo securement devices |
| What is trailer coupling devices? | |
| What is cargo securement? | |
| Name some key steering system parts? | Steering wheel, steering shaft, steering arm, power steering cylinder, tire rod, spindle, gear box |
| Name some suspension system defects? | Missing or broken leaves in any leaf spring, leaking shock absorbers, any loose cracked or broken or missing frame members, torque rod or arm, u-bolts, spring hangers or other axle positioning parts that are cracked damaged or missing |
| What three kinds of emergency equipment must you have? | Fire extinguisher, spare electrical fuses (unless equipped with circuit breakers), warning devices for parked vehicles (examples 3 reflective warning triangles |
| What is the minimum tread depth for the front tires and other tires? | Front tires= 4X32 inch in tread depth in every major groove Other tires= 2X32 ( No fabric should show through the tread or side wall, no cuts, no mismatched sized tires on same vehicle, no re-grooved or recapped on front wheels of a bus) |
| Name some things you should check in the front of your vehicle during the walk around inspection? | Notice general condition, notice damage or vehicle leaning to one side, check under vehicle for fresh oil, grease, coolant, or fuel leaks, check for vehicle hazards to vehicle movement ( people, other vehicles, objects, low hanging wires) |
| What should wheel bearing seals be checked for? | Hub oil level and no leaks, use wrench to test rust indicating looseness, condition of tires, condition of wheel and rim |
| How many red reflective triangles should you carry? | Three |
| How do you test hydraulic brakes for leaks? | Pump the break pedal 3 times, then apply firm pressure to the pedal and hold for 5 seconds, the pedal should not move, if it does there may be a leak or problem. |
| How do you test air brakes? | |
| Why put the starter switch key in your pocket during the pre trip inspection? | For your safety |
| Oil pressure? | Idling= 5 to 20 psi Operating= 35=75 psi If low or rapidly dropping/fluctuating stop immediately to save engine |
| Why should you back towards the driver side? | So you can see better (you can watch the rear of your vehicle by looking out the side window) |
| If stopped on a hill, how can you stop without rolling back? | Down shift before starting down the hill. Make sure you are in a low enough gear. Usually lower than the gear required to climb the same hill. Put on the parking break whenever necessary to keep from rolling back. |
| When backing why is it important to use a helper? | There are blind spots you cannot see |
| What is the most important hand signal that you and helper should agree on? | Stop signal |
| What are the two special conditions where you should down shift? | Before starting down a hill and before entering a curve |
| When should you downshift automatic transmission? | When going down a hill (a low range is selected to get better engine breaking when going downhill) |
| Retarders keep you from skidding when the road is slippery, true or false? | False, you should turn retarter off whenever the road is icy wet or snow covered. |
| What are the 2 ways to know when to shift? | Using engine speed (rpm) and using road speed (mph) |
| How far ahead does the manuel say you should look? | 12-15 seconds (city driving about one block) (open highway about quarter-mile) |
| What are two main things to look for ahead? | look for traffic and road conditions |
| What is your most important way to see the sides and rear of your vehicle? | mirrors check regularly (make sure check prior to start of any trip and can only be checked when trailer are straight) |
| What does "communicating" mean in safe driving? | letting other drivers know what u are doing (signaling early for turns, lane changes, slowing down,when passing, when hard to see,when parked on side of road) |
| Where should your reflectors be placed when stopped on a divided highway? | at 10 feet, 100 feet, and 200 feet toward the approaching traffic (if there is a hill curve or obstruction that prevents view put at 10,100,500 feet) |
| Where should your reflectors be placed when stopped on a undivided highway? | within 10 feet of the front or rear corners to mark location of vehicle and 100 feet behind and ahead of vehicle |
| What three things add up to total stopping distance? | perception distance +reaction distance + braking distance |
| Empty trucks have the best braking. True or False ? | False. Empty trucks require greater stopping distance because empty vehicle has less traction |
| What is hydroplaning? | When the tires lose their contact with the road and have little or no traction (may not be able to steer you can regain control by releasing accelerator and pushing in the clutch) |
| At what speed can u hydroplane? | 30mph |
| What is black ice? | black ice is a thin layer that is clear enough that you can see the road underneath it |
| If you go twice as fast will your stopping distance increase by two or four times? | Four times.When ever you double speed it takes four times as much distance to stop and be 4times as destructive if u crash. |
| How do you find out how many seconds of following distance space you have? | one second for each 10 feet of vehicle length at speeds below 40mph at greater speeds add one second (ex. if you are driving 40 foot vehicle you need 4 sec space at under 40 mph, add sec for over 40mph) |
| If you are driving a 30-foot at 55mph how many second of following seconds of following distance should u allow? | 4 seconds |
| You should decrease your following distance if somebody is following you too closely. True or False? | false. Increase your following distance.Opening up room in front of you will help avoid having to make sudden speed or direction changes.Allows tailgater to get around you. |
| If you swing wide left before turning right,anther driver may try to pass you on the right. True or False? | True.Turn slowly to avoid problems and keep rear of your vehicle close to the curb . if you cant turn without swinging into anther lane, turn wide as you complete turn. |
| What is a hazard? | A hazard is any condition which causes our trip to be unsafe.A road condition or other road user (snow,rain,ice,car,bicyclist,people) that is a possible danger can be a hazard. |
| Why make emergency plans when you see a hazard? | Being prepared reduces the danger.Defensive driving will improve your own safety as well as the safety of all road users. |
| What are some tips to follow so you will not become a distracted driver? | review and be familiar with safety features of cellphone or navigation,pre-program radio stations and CDs, clear vehicle of unnecessary objects,adjust mirrors before you start a trip, do not read or write,and no eating or smoking. |
| How do you use in vehicle communications equipment cautiously? | Never use cell phone for social calling,if you must use phone pull over to safe area,hang up in tricky situations,do not use equipment when approaching location with heavy road traffic and road construction severe weather condition do not read messages |
| How do you recognize a distracted driver? | Vehicles that drift lane over lanes,traveling at inconsistent speeds,drivers preoccupied with maps,food,cigarette,cellphone,and drivers involved with in conversation with passengers |
| What is the difference between aggressive driving and road rage? | Aggressive drivers have no regard for the rights or safety of others and a person driving with road rage i trying to do harm to others or their vehicle. |
| What is aggressive driving? | The act of operating a motor vehicle in a selfish, bold, or pushy manner without regard for the rights or safety to other. |
| What is road rage? | The act of operating a a motor vehicle with the intent of doing harm to others or physically assaulting a driver or their vehicle. |
| What should you do when confronted with an aggressive driver? | Make every attempt to get out their way.Do not challenge them by speeding up or attempting to hold your own. Ignore gestures and refuse to react to them. Let police know about them if possible. |
| What are some things you can do to reduce your stress before and while you drive? | listen to easy listening music. Expect delays, if you are gonna be late take a deep breath and deal with it. Give other drivers the benefit of the doubt for why they are driving the way they do. |
| You should use low beams whenever you can. True or False? | False. Use high beams when safe and legal to do so. |
| What should you do before you drive if you are drowsy? | Sleep. |
| What effect can wet brakes cause? | Water in breaks can cause the breaks to be weak,which can cause lack of breaking power, wheel lockups,pulling to either side or jack knifing. |
| How can you avoid these wet brake problems? | Avoid by slowing down and put transmission in low gear,gently put on brakes,increase engine RPM and cross the water while keeping light pressure on the brakes. When out of water make sure they still work. |
| You should let air out of hot tires so the pressure can get back to normal. True or False? | False. Do not let air out or the pressure will be too low when the tires cool off. |
| You can safely remove the radiator cap as long as the engine is not overheated.True or False? | Never remove the radiator cap or any part of pressurized system until the system has cooled. |
| How far can you see with low beams and high beams? | Low beams about 250 feet.High beams about 350-500 feet. |
| What factors determine your selection of a "safe" speed when going down a long, steep downgrade? | Total weight of the vehicle and cargo,length of grade,steepness of grade,road conditions and weather.Speed limit is posted. |
| Why should you be in the proper gear before starting down a hill? | You will not be able to to shift into a lower gear after your speed has built up.You may not be even able to get back into any gear and all engine braking effect will be lost. |
| Describe the proper braking technique when going down a long, steep downgrade? | Once the vehicle is in the proper low gear apply the breaks hard enough to feel a definite slow down, when speed is reduced to approximately 5MPH below safe speed release the breaks and when speed has increased back to safe speed repeat first two steps. |
| What types of vehicles can get stuck on a railroad-highway crossing? | Low slung units (lowboy,car carrier,moving van,possum-belly livestock trailer) and single axle tractor pulling a long trailer with its landing gear set to accommodate a tandem axle tractor. |
| How long does it take for a typical tractor-trailer unit to clear a double track? | More than 15 seconds |
| How long does it take for a typical tractor-trailer unit to clear a single track? | At least 14 seconds |
| Stopping is not always the safest ting to do in an emergency. True or False? | True. When you don't have enough room to stop you may have to steer away from what is ahead of you.You can always almost turn to miss an obstacle more quickly than you can stop. |
| What are some advantages of going right instead of left around an obstacle? | If an oncoming driver has drifted into your lane a move to your right could be best because the natural response for the driver which was drifting is to return to their own lane and you will not force a car onto opposing traffic buy driving onto shoulder |
| What is an escape ramp? | An escape ramp is an emergency area for out of control vehicles to slow and stop away from other vehicles on the road |
| If a tire a tire blows out, you should put the brakes on hard to stop quickly.True or False? | False.Braking when a tire has failed could cause loss of control. Unless you are about to run into something,stay off the brake until the vehicle has slowed down.Then brake gently. |
| How do you know if your vehicle has anti lock brakes? | Tractors,trucks,and buses will have yellow ABS malfunction lamps on the instrument panel.Trailers will have yellow ABS malfunction lamps on the left side,either on the front or rear corner.Dollies made on or after 3-1-98 are required to have lamp leftside |
| What is the proper braking technique when driving a vehicle with anti lock brakes? | You should brake like you always have. |
| How do antilock brakes help you? | ABS helps you avoid wheel lock up and maintain control.You may or may not be able stop faster with ABS, but you should be able to steer around an obstacle while braking, and avoid skids caused by over braking. |
| What is controlled braking? | With this method,you apply the brakes as hard as you can without locking the wheels.Keep steering wheel movements very small while doing this.If you need to make a larger turn or if wheels lock release thre brake and reapply when you can |
| What is stab braking? | With this method you apply the brakes all the way.Release brakes when wheels lock up.As soon as the wheels start rolling apply the brakes fully again. |
| Emergency braking does not mean pushing down on the brake pedal as hard as you can.True or False? | True.That will only keep the wheels locked up and cause a skid.If the wheels are skidding, you cannot control the vehicle. |
| What is loss of hydraulic pressure? | When the system will not build up pressure,the brake pedal will feel spongy or go to the floor. |
| What should you do when you have loss of hydraulic pressure? | Downshift, pumping the brakes,use the of the emergency brake or find an escape route. |
| How to detect tire failure? | Sound (a loud bang) Vibration or by feel |
| What are the 4 ways your tire skids? | By over braking,over steering, over acceleration, and driving too fast. |
| How to correct a drive wheel braking skid? | Stop braking , Turn quickly (when vehicle begins to slide sideways QUICKLY STEER in the direction you want the vehicle to go down the road) and countersteer. |
| What are some things to do at an accident scene to prevent another accident? | Protect the are, Notify authorities, Care for the injured |
| Name two causes of tire fires? | Under inflated tires and duals that touch. |
| What kinds of fires is a B:C extinguisher not good for ? | Is not good for wood,paper, ordinary combustibles and fires in combustible metals. |
| What kinds of fires is a B:C extinguisher good for ? | B:C fire extinguisher is designed to work on electrical fires and burning liquids. |
| When using your fire extinguisher, should you get as close as possible to the fire? | When using a fire extinguisher stay as far away from the fire as possible and aim at the source or base of the fire, not up at the flames. |
| Name some causes of vehicle fires. | After an accident,Tires,Electrical system,Fuel, and Cargo are some things that can cause vehicle fires. |
| The A:B:C fire extinguisher type is designed to work on. | Burning wood, paper, and cloth as well. |
| Water can be used on an electrical or gasoline fire. True or False? | False it can a shock(electrical) or spread the flame (gas) |
| Common medicines for colds can make you sleepy.True or False? | True. |
| What should you do if you become sleepy while driving? | Stop to sleep. |
| Coffee and a little fresh air will help a drinker sober up. True or False? | False. Only time will help a drinker sober up. |
| What is a hazardous material placard? | Placards are signs put on the outside of a vehicle that identify the hazard class of the cargo.Must be readable from all 4 diretions. |
| Why are placards used? | Placards are used to warn others of hazardous materials. |
| What is sleep debt? | If you do not sleep enough you owe more sleep to yourself and can only be paid off by sleeping. |
| What are the danger signals of drowsy driving? | Eyes close or get out of focus by themselves,Have trouble keeping head up,Cannot stop yawning,Wandering or disconnected thoughts,drifting lanes-tailgate-miss traffic signs and keep jerking truck back into lane. |
| How big must placards be? | Placards must be at least 10 3/4 inches square , turned upright on a point, in a diamond shape |
Created by:
Eyared