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Chem U1 Vocab

Vocab Unit 1, lists 1.1 & 1.2

TermDefinition
Atom Basic unit of an element. Smallest particle that retains properties of the element.
Nucleus Dense center of the atom, contains protons and neutrons.
Proton Positively charged particle found in the nucleus of an atom.
Neutron Neutral particle found in the nucleus of an atom.
Nucleon Nuclear particle of an atom; proton or neutron.
Electron Negatively charged particle found in orbitals surrounding the nucleus.
Atomic Number Number of protons in the nucleus of an atom.
Electron Cloud Diffuse area where electrons are likely to be found.
Mass Number Number of nucleons in a given atom.
Isotope Atoms of the same element with different numbers of neutrons.
Atomic Mass Average Mass number for a given element, by natural percentages.
Rutherford's Experiment Showed nuclear atom with electron orbitals, and much empty space.
Group Vertical column of the periodic table, elements have similar chemical properties.
Period Horizontal row of the periodic table, elements have similar chemical properties.
Valence Electrons Electrons in the outermost shell or orbital of an atom; available for bonding.
Electronegativity Tendency of an element to attract electrons towards itself.
Ionization Energy Energy required to pull an electron from an atom.
Atomic Radius Size of an atom, by measuring from center of nucleus to outermost orbital.
Noble Gasses Group 18 of the periodic table.
Halogens Group 17 of the periodic table.
Alkaline Earth Metals Group 2 of the periodic table.
Alkali Metals Group 1 of the periodic table.
Transition Metals Groups 3-12 of the periodic table.
Created by: david.chavez
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