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Digital Radiography
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| A log rhythmic matimatical calculation used in technology. | Algorithm |
| Allows selection of preset terms and or manual text input. | Annotation |
| Images are produced with uniform brightness an contrast reguardless of the amount of exposure. | Automatic rescaling |
| A machine language consisting of 1s and 0s. If transistor is closed and current passes =1. Open cuircuit and no current passing through =0. | Binary Code |
| A single unit of data | Bits |
| Made of 8 bits. The amount of memory needed to store 1 alphanumeric number. | Bytes |
| Charge Coupled Device. A detector that converts light into an electrical signal. | CCD |
| Uses no chemical processing. The cassete is fed into a CR reader. | Computed Rad |
| Involves converting the digital input data into an image with the appropriate brightness and contrast. | Contrast Enhancement Manipulation |
| A small chip found in the motherboard | CPU |
| Removes the imaging plate and scans with laser to release the stored electrons. | CR Reader |
| Digital Imaging and Communications of Medicine. A standard for exchanging medical images among the modality, viewing stations, and archives | DICOM |
| A Cassette less system that uses an xray absorber material coupled to a CCD to form an image. | Digital Radiography |
| Detector Quantum Efficiency. Measures the quality of a digital image by looking at the combinations of the effects of noise and contrast. | DQE |
| Photons are absorbed by the coating material and converted into a signal. | Direct Conversions |
| Occurs when fewer pixels in th neighborhood are included in the signal average | Edge Enhancement |
| Carestream uses this as an exposure indicator. Direct relationship to the amount of exposure. | Exposure Index Number |
| The main repository for programs and documents on a PC | Hard Drive |
| Standard that oversees most clinical and administrative data. | HL7 |
| A graphical representation of exposure values collected from the imaging plate | Histogram |
| Photons strike a scintillator that produces light. Light strikes the amorphus scillicon allowing conduction of electrons into the detector. | Indirect Conversion |
| Thin Sheet of plastic consisting of 7 layers | IP |
| Local area network with a series of cables and wires | LAN |
| Refers to a range of exposures or the amont of error that can be used and still result in a quality image. | Latitude |
| Look Up Table of luminescence values derived during image aquisition | LUT |
| Pixels are arranged in a rectangle square | Matrix |
| This pattern occurs when the grid lines are parallel to the CR reader | Moire Pattern |
| The largest circuitry board inside of a computer. | Motherboard |
| When sampling a signal, the sampling frequency must be greater than 2xs the band width of the inout signal so that reconstruction of the original image will be nearly perfect. | Nyquist Theory |
| Picture Archiving Communications System. Digital aquisitions, display stations, and storage devices interconnected through a network | PACS |
| The smallest area represented in a digital image | Pixel |
| Photostimuable Phosphor Plate. Inside an IP that stores the latent image of the body part until it is processed. | PSP |
| A grainy image resulting from insufficient light being produced or a starvation of mAs | Quantum Mottle |
| The number of pixels contained on a display. | Resolution |
| The amount of luminscence emitted at 1mR and 80kv and has a value of 200. The higher the S #, the lower the exposure | Sensitivity # |
| This is a post processing manipulation that used to blacken out the background of an image | Shuttering |
| Signal to noise ratio. As pixel size decreases the amount of signal that is captured decreases | SNR |
| Low pass filtering. Averages each pixels frequency with surrounding pixel values to remove unwanted noise. | Smoothing |
| The amount of detain present in any image | Spatial Resolution |
| Multiple images that are stitched together using special software when the anatomy is too large. | Stitching |
| Thin Film transistor. Detector that converts light into an electrical signal that is sent to a computer for processing | TFT |
| Wide area network used to connect computers that are not physically attached | WAN |
| Controls brightness or density | Window Level |
| Controls contrast | Window Width |
| The transmitting and or reading out of digital images electronically from outside of that medical facility. | Teleradiology |
| Extreme overexposure will create black holes in low density tissue areas on the image | Saturation |
| What is used as the phosphor that absorbs the xray energy on a CR plate? | Barium Florohalide with europium |
| When a CR plate is inserted into the reader for processing, the phosphor is scanned with a | Laser Light |
| When using a DR system, the xray energy is absorbed by a phosphor absorber. The absorber is bonded to | a flat pannel detector |
| Which of the following factors has the greatest effect on brightness of the digital image | Processing Software |
| The ability of a digital imaging system to distinguish between similar tissues | Contrast Resolution |
| Contrast in a digital image is primarily effected by | Processing Algorithms |
| The number of xray photons that strike the digial detector can be classified as | Signal |
| Which of the following processes will erase the latent image from an exposed CR imaging plate? | Bright Light |
| Changing or enhancing the electronic image in order to view it from a different perspective or improve its diagnostic quality | Post- Processing |
| The sharpness of the structural edges recorded in the image that have linear, wide exposure lattitude | Digital Radiography |
| The conversion of the digital image using contrast enhancement parameters is defined as | Contrast Manipulation |
| When the spatial frequency is greater than the Nyquist frequency and the sampling occurs less than twice per cycle, information is lost and a fluctuating signal is produced. | Aliasing |
| a COMPANY THAT PROVIDES OUTSOURCING OF ARCHIVING AND MANAGEMENT FUNCTIONS. | Application Service Provider |
| Contains the master database of everything that is in the archive. | Image Manager |
| Physical storage device of the archive system | Image Storage |
| A short term tier composed of several magnetic disks or hard drives that are linked together in an array | RAID Redundant Array of Independent Disks |
| What is the most common level used for a PACS archive because it provides adequate redundancy and fault tolerance. | RAID 5 |
| Scans the analog film and produces numeric signals for each part of the scanned film. | Film Digitizer |
| Photostimuable Phosphor Layer that traps electrons during exposure. Made of phosphors from the barium fluorohalide family (...chlorohalide, or bromohalide crystals) | Phosphor/Active Layer |
| The layer of an IP that sends light in a forward direction when released in the CR | rEFLECTIVE lAYER |
| Detects light intensity information and amplifies the light, sending it to a digitizer. | Photomultiplier |
| The transport layer of network communication that makes sure data packages are frequenced correctly and do not contain errors. | Layer 4 |
| The network layer that breaks up the data into frames and decides which network path the data will take to the destination | Layer 3 |
| The data link layer packages the data so that they can be transmitted over the physical layer. | Layern 2 |
| The physical layer that moves bits from one pplace to another. | Layer 1 |
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