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OAT - Chem
Chapter 12 - Nuclear Phenomena
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| binding E | E required to break up a nucleus into its protons and neutrons; E holding nucleons in nucleus |
| mass defect | difference in mass with protons and neutrons being larger in mass than the original nucleus |
| nucleons | protons and neutrons |
| Z | Atomic number; number of protons |
| A | Mass Number; number of protons and neutrons |
| Isotope | elements with different numbers of neutrons but same number of protons |
| E = mc2 | Binding E equation |
| Fusion | when small nuclei combine to form larger nucleus; combining 4 H to form He for E |
| Fission | splitting larger nucleus into smaller nuclei; requires absorbing a neutron |
| this remains the same in nuclear rxns no matter what | Total Mass number (A tot) |
| radioactive decay | naturally occurring spontaneous decay of certain nuclei by the emission of specific particles |
| Alpha Decay | emission of an alpha particle, 2 protons and 2 neutrons, so Z-2 and A-4 |
| alpha particle | He-4 |
| Beta - Decay | emission of a beta particle aka an e-; neutron to a proton so Z+1 |
| Beta + Decay | proton to neutron so Z-1 |
| Electron Capture | Z-1; proton to neutron |
| half-life | time it takes for half of the sample to decay |
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