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Physics
Definitions (OCR A2)
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Absolute zero | The temperature at which a substance has minimal internal energy. |
| Amplitude | Maximum displacement from rest or equilibrium position (m) |
| Angular frequency | Omega. It’s 2πf |
| Boyle’s law | The volume of a fixed mass is inversely proportional to pressure exerted on it, provided temperature is constant. |
| Displacement | Displacement of a body from rest or equilibrium position (m) |
| Frequency | Number of oscillations per unit time (Hz) |
| Geostationary orbit | Orbit of the Earth made by a satellite that has the same period as the rotation of earth and is in the equatorial plane. |
| Gravitational field strength | is the force per unit mass at that point. |
| Impulse | Product of force acting on a body and the time it acts. Also be considered as change in the momentum of a body. |
| Inelastic collision | A collision where momentum is conserved but kinetic energy is not. |
| Intensity | Power per unit cross-sectional area |
| Internal energy | The sum of a random distribution of kinetic and potential energies of the particles of a system. |
| Linear momentum | The product of mass and velocity, giving a vector quantity. |
| Mole | 1 mol contains 6.02x1023 particles – which is the Avogadro constant. |
| Net force | Equal to the rate of change of its momentum |
| Newton’s law of gravitation | The gravitational force of attraction between two bodies is directly proportional to the product of their masses and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between their centres. |
| Perfectly elastic collision | A collision where kinetic energy and momentum are conserved. |
| Period | The time taken for one complete pattern of oscillation (s) |
| Phase difference (oscillations): | A measure of the relationship between the pattern of vibration at two points. |
| Pressure | Force per unit area (Pa). 1 Pa = 1Nm-1 |
| Radian | Unit of angle or phase difference (rad). One radian is the angle subtended at the centre of a circle by an arc of circumference that is equal in length to the radius of the circle. |
| Simple Harmonic Motion | SHM occurs when the acceleration of a mass is directed towards a fixed point and is proportional to its displacement from that point a is proportional to x |
| Specific heat capacity | The energy required to raise the temperature of 1 kg of a substance by 1 K. (J kg-1 K-1) |
Created by:
littlefella
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