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Chemistry Terms
Chemistry Terms; Viroqua 2nd term
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What type of reaction is this: Two or more substances combine to form a new substance. | Synthesis |
| What type of reaction is this: Synthesis reaction in which a substance reacts with oxygen to produce energy in the form of heat and light. (CO2 and H2O always produced) | Combustion |
| What type of reaction is this: One substance breaks down into two or more simpler substances. | Decomposistion |
| What type of reaction is this: One element replaces another in a compound. | Single Displacement |
| What type of reaction is this: A metal undergoes corrosion and it loses electrons to form cations. | Oxidation-Reduction |
| What type of reaction is this: Two elements replace each other in a compound. | Double Displacement |
| What is it called when an Acid-Base reaction has only one acid? | Monoprotic |
| What is it called when an Acid-Base reaction has two acids? | Diprotic |
| What is it called when an Acid-Base reaction has many acids? | Polyprotic |
| What occurs when a solution of an acid and base are mixed? | Neutralization |
| What are the two products of the neutralization process? | Water and Salt |
| The calculated maximum amount of a product. | Theoretical Yield |
| The amount of a product recovered. | Actual Yield |
| Actual Yield/ Theoretical Yield | Percent Yield |
| Waves that are produced by electric charges. | Electro Radiation |
| The distance between the same spot on two waves. | Wavelength |
| Number of waves passing a fixed point per second. (Measured in hertz (Hz).) | Frequency |
| What is the equation C=3.00*10^8 m/s for? | Velocity |
| In what state is an atom with no excess energy? | Ground State |
| In what state is an atom with excess energy? | Excited State |
| When Electrons only have specific amounts of energy. | Quantized Energy |
| What is a region of space with ninety percent probability of holding one electron called? | Orbital |
| How many electrons can an S orbital have? | Two |
| How many electrons can a P orbital have? | Six |
| How many electrons can a D orbital have? | Ten |
| How many electrons can a F orbital have? | Fourteen |
| Does atomic size increase or decrease from the top to the bottom on the periodic table? | Increase |
| Does atomic size increase or decrease from the left to the right of the periodic table? | Decrease |
| Does ionization energy increase or decrease from the top to the bottom on the periodic table? | Decrease |
| Does ionization energy increase or decrease from the left to the right of the periodic table? | Increase |
| A force holding atoms together. | Bond |
| Amount of energy required to break a bond. | Bond Energy |
| What type of bond transfers electrons and exists between metals and non-metals? | Ionic Bond |
| What type of bond shares electrons equally? | Covalent Bond |
| What type of bond shares electrons unequally? | Polar Covalent Bond |
| The ability of an atom to attract shared electrons. | Electronegativity |
| When the overall molecule has two poles. | Dipole Moment |
| The structure that uses an electron dot configuration to show the structure of molecules. | Lewis Structure |
| Which element is the only element that needs two electrons to be stable? | Hydrogen |
| In the octet rule, most elements need how many valence electrons to be stable? (Exception BF3) | Eight |
| What is it called when there is more than one valid way to draw a molecule's structure? | Resonance |
| What shape is this? H-H | Linear |
| What shape is this? H_ _H :o: | Bent |
| What shape is this? O // _C_ H H | Trigonal Planer |
| What shape is this? .. H -N- H / H | Trigonal Pyramid |
| What shape is this? H / H-C-H / H | Tetrahedral |
| What is it called when something is mixed with water? | Aquueous |
| Which is present in the largest amount, Solute or Solvent? | Solvent |
| Which is dissolved, Solute or Solvent? | Solute |
| How do scientists classify a solution that is weak or has very little solute? | Dilute |
| How do scientists classify a solution that has a lot of solute? | Concentrated |
| How is a solution classified if more solute can be dissolved? | Unsaturated |
| How is a solution classified if no more solute can be dissolved? | Saturated |
| How is a solution classified if if contains more solute than it should? | Supersaturated |
| You can stir, increase the temperature, and increase the surface area to help what dissolve quickly in a liquid? | Solids |
| You can decrease temperature, and add pressure (DO NOT AGITATE) to help what dissolve quickly in a liquid? | Gases |
| The number of grans of solute that can be put into 100 g or 100 mL of H2O is called what? | Solubility |
| What is the term for the concentration of H+ or OH- in one mol/L? | Normality |
| In which model does it say that acids produce H+ in solution? | Arrhenius Model |
| In which model does it say that acids are proton donors? | Bronsted-Lowry Model |
| In which model does it say that bases produce OH- in solution? | Arrhenius Model |
| In which model does it say that bases are proton accepters? | Bronsted-Lowry Model |
| This has an extra proton (H+) (Conjugate Acid or Conjugate Base?) | Conjugate Acid |
| This has given up a proton (H+) (Conjugate Acid or Conjugate Base?) | Conjugate Base |
| Strong Acids have _______ conjugate bases. | Weak |
| Weak Acids have _______ conjugate bases. | Strong |
| What it is called when the acidic H is attached to an oxygen. | Oxyacid |
| The Carboxyl groups (which are usually weak) are also called this. | Organic Acids |
| A technique in which a solution of known concentration is used to determine the concentration of another solution. | Titration |
| The name of solutions with precisely known concentrations. | Standard Solution |
| Just enough acid to neutralize the base, or enough base to neutralize the acid. | Equivalence Point |
| A solution that resists changes in pH and are make from a weak acid and conjugate base. | Buffered Solution |
Created by:
ericahowe4474
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