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AlkalineEarth Metals

Unit 2 AQA A Level Chemistry

QuestionAnswer
Size of atoms going down the group? Atoms get bigger going down the group as no. of main energy levels increases
Melting points down the group? Melting points decrease down the group as the extra main energy levels increase shielding and mean the +ve nucleus is further from the sea of delocalised e-
Reactivity/ionisation energies down the group? Ionisation energies decrease going down the group as the extra main energy levels increase shielding. Therefore the metals get more reactive going down the group.
Reaction equation for the metals with water x + 2H2O --> x(OH)2 + H2 (x=metal. Reactions get faster/more vigorous going down the group.
Reaction equation for magnesium with steam Mg + H2O --> MgO + H2
Solubilities of hydroxides going down the group? Increase in solubility going down the group. Magnesium hydroxide is virtually insoluble.
Medicinal use of 'Milk of Magnesia' (Magnesium Hydroxide)? Used in indigestion remedies to neutralise stomach acid
Solubilities of sulphates going down the group? Decrease in solubility going down the group. Barium sulphate is virtually insoluble.
Medicinal use of barium sulphate? Why is this safe? 'Barium meal' to outline the gut in x-rays. Safe because barium sulphate is so insoluble.
What group 2 ion is used to test for sulphate ions? Why? Barium ions, because an insoluble white ppt. of barium sulphate will form.
Reaction equation for barium ions identifying sulphate ions Ba2+ + SO42- ---> BaSO4
Method for identifying sulphate ions Solution acidified with nitric or hydrochloric acid to remove impurities such as carbonate ions. Barium ions then added in the form of barium chloride.
Created by: 1536520048
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