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World History II SOL
SOL 3 - Reformation, Events
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Usury | Charging an illegal rate of interest. The Church was against this. |
| Indulgences | Selling of forgiveness by the Catholic Church. It was common practice when the church needed to raise money. The practice led to the Reformation. If you buy this, all sins are forgiven |
| 95 Theses | Arguments written by Martin Luther against the Catholic church. They were posted on October 31, 1517. |
| Predestination | John Calvin's religious theory that God has already planned out a person's life. |
| Protestant Church | This began after breaking away from the Roman Catholic Church following Martin Luther's '95 Theses' |
| Anglican Church | The Church of England established by Queen Elizabeth; combined Catholic and Protestant |
| Spanish Armada | 1588 fleet that attempted an invasion of England; stopped under the rule of Queen Elizabeth |
| Reformation | A religious movement of the 16th century that began as an attempt to reform the Roman Catholic Church and resulted in the creation of Protestant churches |
| Dissenter | A person who does not agree with the beliefs of his or her leaders |
| Counter-Reformation | Reaction by the Church during the Reformation; |
| Society of Jesus | (The Jesuits) was founded to spread Catholic doctrine around the world during the Counter Reformation. |
| Inquisition | Used to reinforce the Catholic doctrine; those found guilty of heresy were often imprisoned and executed |
| Council of Trent | A meeting of Roman Catholic leaders, called by Pope Paul III to rule on doctrines criticized by the Protestant reformers. |
| Edict of Nantes | 1598 Grant of tolerance in France to French Protestant Hugenots after lengthy civil wars between Catholics and Protestants. This was later revoked. |
| Thirty Years War | (1618-48) A series of European wars that were partially a Catholic-Protestant religious conflict. It was primarily a battle between the French Protestants and the Catholic Hapsburg's, rulers of the Holy Roman Empire. |
| Secularism | A belief that religion should be excluded from civil affairs and public education. |
| Martin Luther | 16th century German monk who started the Protestant Reformation; believed Bible as ultimate authority; all humans are equal before god; '95 theses' |
| John Calvin | Expanded Protestant Movement; main belief was predestination; faith is revealed by living a righteous life. |
| King Henry VIII | This leader headed the national church in England, after breaking ties with the Church in Rome; he divorced (which the Church would not allow), and dismissed the authority of the Pope. |
| Queen Elizabeth I | This leader expanded the Anglican Church; one of England's most successful monarchs; had tolerance for religious dissenters; was in power during England's defeat over the Spanish Armada (1588) |
| Cardinal Richelieu | Adviser to Louis XIII. He encouraged the king to adopt absolutist policies. Changed the focus of the Thirty Years War from a religious to a political one. |
| Hapsburg Family | Controlled Austria, Hungary, and parts of the Holy Roman Empire. They stayed in power over 700 years (until WW1); Supported the Roman Catholic Church during the Reformation |
| Jan Huss, John Wycliffe | Person/people (before Martin Luther) who criticized the church |
| Johan Gutenberg | Responsible for the invention of the printing press, which spread new ideas of the Reformation and the Renaissance. |
Created by:
mrbayne