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Spanish Assessment
SPANISH FINAL SEMESTER 2 EXAM
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| What is el presente? | This Spanish tense is used to express current actions and situations |
| What is el presente progressivo? | This tense combines the present indicative of the verb estar (to be) with the present participle of another verb to indicate an action in progress. This tense tells what a person "is doing" right now. |
| What is el futuro inmediato? | This Spanish tense is used to express actions that will take place in the future using the infinitive "ir" and letter "a" followed by another infinitive. |
| What is el pasado inmediato? | This Spanish tense is used to express actions that you just did using the infinitive "acabar" and word "de" followed by another infinitive |
| What is el pretérito? | This Spanish tense is used to express actions that you have COMPLETED in the past |
| A veces | sometimes |
| Acostarse (ue) | to go to bed |
| bañarse | to take a bath |
| cepillarse (el pelo) | to brush (one's hair) |
| el cepillo de dientes | toothbrush |
| el champú | shampoo |
| el despertador | alarm clock |
| despertarse (ie) | to wake up |
| el espejo | mirror |
| gastar | to spend; to waste |
| el jabón | soap |
| levantarse | to get up |
| mirarse | to look at oneself |
| normalmente | normally |
| nunca | never |
| la pasta de dientes | toothpaste |
| el peine | comb |
| ponerse la ropa | to put on clothes |
| por lo general | generally |
| rápidamente | quickly |
| la secadora de pelo | hair dryer |
| secarse | to dry oneself |
| secarse el pelo | to dry one's hair |
| siempre | always |
| típicamente | typically |
| típico | typical |
| la toalla | towel |
| todos los días | every day |
| vestirse (i) | to get dressed |
| A quién le toca? | Whose turn is it? |
| Le toca a… | It's . . . turn, It's up to . . . |
| Me toca a mí | It's my turn, It's up to me |
| Te toca a ti | It's your turn, It's up to you |
| barrer | to sweep |
| el comedor | dining room |
| el cuarto de baño | bathroom |
| el jardín | garden |
| limpiar | to clean |
| lo/la | it |
| los/las | them |
| ordenar | to tidy up |
| el piso | floor |
| los quehaceres | chores |
| quitar la mesa | to clear the table |
| regar (ie) | to water |
| sacudir el polvo | to dust |
| tender (ie) la cama | to make the bed |
| Ay qué pesado! | Oh, what a pain! |
| Estoy harto/a de . . . | I'm sick and tired of . . . |
| No es justo! | It's not fair |
| Siempre me toca a mí | I always have to do it |
| Yo ya lo hice mil veces | I've already done it a thousand times |
| How do you form an adverb? | You take the feminine form of an adjective and add " mente " |
| 3 rules of pronoun placement | 1. Pronoun can go before a conjugated verb 2. Pronoun can be attached to the end of an infinitive 3. Pronoun can be attached to the end of a participle with an added accent |
| afeitarse | to shave oneself |
| la afeitadora | razor |
| la crema de afeitar | shaving cream |
| ducharse | to shower oneself |
| cepillarse los dientes | to brush one's teeth |
| maquillarse | to put on makeup on oneself |
| el maquillaje | makeup |
| peinarse | to comb one's hair |
| cortarse (el pelo) | to cut one's hair |
| el desodorante | deodorant |
| quitarse la ropa | to take off one's clothing |
| dormirse | to fall asleep |
| What is a reflexive verb? | A verb where the subject is doing the action to itself |
| el condicionador | conditioner |
| Translate: I brush the dog | Translation: Yo cepillo al perro |
| Translate: I brush my teeth | Translation: Yo me cepillo los dientes |
| Translate: I want to brush the dog | Translation: Yo quiero cepillar al perro |
| Translate: I want to brush my teeth | Translation: Yo quiero cepillarme los dientes |
| Translate: I want to brush my teeth | Translation: Yo quiero cepillarme los dientes |
| Translate: Im going to brush the dog | Translation: Yo voy a cepillar al perro |
| Translate: I am brushing the dog right now | Translation: Yo estoy cepillando al perro |
| Translate: Im brushing my teeth right now | Translation: Yo estoy cepillándome los dientes |
| When is the only time the present participle will stem-change? | If a verb is an -ir verb AND it stem changes in the present tense |
| What are the possible stem-changes for present participles? | e to i = vestir to vistiendo o to u = dormir to durmiendo |
| What are all of the reflexive pronouns? | me te se nos os se |
| How do you say you spend __(amount of)__ time doing something? | You use the infinitive gastar! Ex: Robertín gasta horas en jugar al golf |
| Which of the following verbs will have a stem change in their present participle? medir or pensar? | medir |
| Fill in the blank: Después de desayunar, Guillermo y yo tenemos que _______(cepillarse/cepillar) los dientes y también _______(peinarse/peinar) antes de salir para la escuela. | cepillarnos/peinarnos |
| Fill in the blank: Mi madre necesita _______(despertarse/despertar) a las seis. | despertarse |
| Fill in the blank: Y claro, tengo que _____(vestirse/vestir) a Guillermo porque no puede _____(ponerse/poner) la ropa a si mismo. | vestir/ponerse |
| Reflexive or non reflexive? I put on my boots before going out in the snow. | Reflexive |
| Reflexive or non reflexive? You set the table for dinner. | Not Reflexive |
| Reflexive or non reflexive? She got ready to go to the movies with her boyfriend. | Reflexive |
| Reflexive or non reflexive? Mom had to wake him up this morning. | Not Reflexive |
| Reflexive or non reflexive? I found myself without a ride home. | Reflexive |
| Reflexive or non reflexive? She got ready to go to the movies with her boyfriend. | Reflexive |
| los días de la semana | the days of the week |
| enero | january |
| febrero | february |
| may | mayo |
| june | junio |
| octubre | october |
| noviembre | november |
| diciembre | december |
| el día | day |
| los meses del año | the months of the year |
| el mes | month |
| september | septiembre |
| agosto | august |
| abril | april |
| marzo | march |
| july | julio |
| el año | year |
| el fin de semana/los fines de semana | the weekend/the weekends |
| ayer | yesterday |
| anteayer | the day before yesterday |
| anoche | last night |
| mañana | tomorrow |
| hoy | today |
| la semana pasada | the past week |
| esta mañana | this morning |
| la semana que viene | the week to come |
| hace + time | __(Time)__ ago |
| la próxima semana | next week |
| mañana por la tarde | tomorrow afternoon |
| ayer por la mañana | yesterday morning |
| what does el pretérito let us talk about? | what we have COMPLETED in the past |
| what are the 6 endings of -are verbs in el pretérito? | yo- é tú- aste él,ella,usted- ó nosotros- amos vosotros- asteis ellas, ellos, ustedes- aron |
| hablar (tú) | hablaste |
| comprar (él) | compró |
| bailar (yo) | bailé |
| regresar (vosotros) | regresasteis |
| tomar (nosotros) | tomamos |
| llamar (ustedes) | llamaron |
| What are the 6 endings of -er and -ir verbs in el pretérito? | yo- í tú- iste él ella usted- ió nosotros- imos vosotros- isteis ellos ellas ustedes- ieron |
| What is the conjugation of the irregular verb " ir " in el pretérito? | yo- fui tú- fuiste él ella usted- fue nosotros- fuimos vosotros- fuisteis ellos ellas ustedes- fueron |
| What is the conjugation of the irregular verb " ver " in el pretérito? | yo- vi tú- viste él ella usted- vio nosotros- vimos vosotros- visteis ellos ellas ustedes- vieron |
| What is the conjugation of the irregular verb " ser " in el pretérito? | yo- fui tú- fuiste él ella usted- fue nosotros- fuimos vosotros- fuisteis ellos ellas ustedes- fueron |
| What is the conjugation of the irregular verb " dar " in el pretérito? | yo- di tú- diste él ella usted- dio nosotros- dimos vosotros- disteis ellos ellas ustedes- dieron |
| abrir (él) | abrió |
| volver (nosotros) | volvimos |
| dar (yo) | di |
| desayunar (tú) | desayunaste |
| salir (ellos) | salieron |
| devolver (vosotros) | devolvisteis |
| ya | already |
| todavía no | not yet |
| Translate: Ya fuiste al banco? | Did you already go to the bank? |
| Translate: Si, ya fui al banco. | Yes, I already went to the bank. |
| How will an -ar verb ending in "-car" spell change in el pretérito? | -Ar verbs ending in "-car" such as sacar, tocar, buscar, and practicar, must have a spelling change in the "yo" form of el pretérito to preserve the pronunciation dictated by the infinitive. Form of change: "car" goes to "qué" in the yo form. |
| How will an -ar verb ending in "-gar" spell change in el pretérito? | -Ar verbs ending in "gar" such as llegar, jugar, and investigar must have a spelling change in the "yo" form of el pretérito to preserve the pronunciation dictated by the infinitive. Form of change: "gar" goes to "gué" in the yo form. |
| How will an -ar verb ending in "zar" spell change in el pretérito? | -Ar verbs ending in "zar" such as comenzar, almorzar, and empezar must have a spelling change in the "yo" form of el pretérito to preserve the pronunciation dictated by the infinitive. Form of change: "zar" goes to "cé" in the yo form. |
| When will a verb stem change in el pretérito? | In el pretérito, an -ar verb will NEVER be a stem-change verb. An -er verb will NEVER be a stem-change verb. The only verbs that will stem-change in el pretérito are -ir verbs. This verb must be an -ir verb and stem change in the present tense. |
| How will a verb stem change in el pretérito? | If a verb is an -ir verb and it stem changes in the present tense, the verb will stem change "e" to "i" OR "o" to u" AND the stem-change will occur in the sandal forms: él ella and ellos ellas. |
| Dormir (él) | durmió |
| Dormir (ellos) | Durmieron |
| When will -er and -ir verbs spell-change in el pretérito? | If the stem ends in a vowel and there is 3 vowels in succession with an unaccented i. Form of change: "i" goes to "y" |
| leer (ella) | Leyó |
| oír (ellas) | Oyeron |
| What are the only 4 irregular verbs in el pretérito? | Dar, Ver, Ser, and Ir |
| How are regular verbs conjugated in el pretérito? | They do what they are supposed to do and conjugate stem+ending |
| Conjugate "Dar" in el pretérito | el pretérito yo- di, tu- diste, el- dio, nosotros- dimos, vosotros- disteis, ellos- dieron |
| Conjugate "Ser" in el pretérito | yo- fui, tú- fuiste, él- fue, nosotros- fuimos, vosotros- fuisteis, ellos- fueron |
| Conjugate "Leer" in el pretérito | yo- leí, tú- leíste, él- leyó, nosotros- leímos, vosotros-leísteis, ellos- leyeron |
| Conjugate "Oír" in el pretérito | yo- oí, tú- oíste, él- oyó, nosotros- oímos, vosotros- oísteis, ellos- oyeron |
| Conjugate "Caer" in el pretérito | yo-caí, tú-caíste, él- cayó, nosotros- caímos, vosotros- caísteis, ellos- cayeron |
| Conjugate "Sentirse" in el pretérito | yo- me sentí, tú- te sentiste, él- se sintió, nosotros- nos sentimos, vosotros- os sentisteis, ellos- se sintieron |
| Conjugate "Reír" in el pretérito | yo- reí, tú- reíste, él- rió, nosotros- reímos, vosotros- reísteis, ellos- rieron |
| Conjugate "Seguir" in el pretérito | yo- seguí, tú- seguiste, él- siguió, nosotros- seguimos, vosotros- seguisteis, ellos- siguieron |
| What is the irregular stem of hacer? | hic |
| What is the irregular stem of venir? | vin |
| What is the irregular stem of querer? | quis |
| What is the irregular stem of tener? | tuv |
| What is the irregular stem of estar? | estuv |
| What is the irregular stem of saber? | sup |
| What is the irregular stem of poder? | pud |
| What is the irregular stem of andar? | anduv |
| What is the irregular stem of poner? | pus |
| What is the irregular stem of decir? | dij |
| What is the irregular stem of traer? | traj |
| What is the irregular stem of conducir? | conduj |
| What is the irregular stem of reducir? | reduj |
| (Preterite) tener (el) | tuvo |
| (Preterite) estar (nosotros) | estuvimos |
| (Preterite) ir (ellos) | fueron |
| (Preterite) ser (yo) | fui |
| (Preterite) poner (tu) | pusiste |
| (Preterite) poder (vosotros) | pudisteis |
| (Preterite) traer (yo) | traje |
| (Preterite) hacer (ella) | hizo |
| (Preterite) saber (nosotros) | supimos |
| (Preterite) decir (ellos) | dijeron |
| (Preterite) querer (yo) | quise |
| (Preterite) venir (tu) | viniste |
| (Preterite) ver (el) | vio |
| (Preterite) dar (nosotros) | dimos |
| What is unique about the irregular stem change verbs in the preterite? | They have no accents! |
| What is a direct object? | a noun phrase denoting a person or thing that is the recipient of the action of a transitive verb, for example the dog in Jimmy fed the dog. |
| What is an indirect object? | a noun phrase referring to someone or something that is affected by the action of a transitive verb (typically as a recipient), but is not the primary object (e.g., him in give him the book ). |
| What is the list of direct object pronouns? | me, te, lo/la, nos, os, los/las |
| What is the list of indirect object pronouns? | me, te, le, nos, os, les |
| Rules of Pronoun Placement | 1. Pronouns are placed before the conjugated verb. 2. Pronouns may be attached to an infinitive. 3. Pronouns may be attached to a present participle. You must add an accent! |
| What does each of the direct object pronouns mean? | me (me) te (you-familiar) lo, la (him, her, it, you-formal) nos (us) os (you-all-familiar) los, las (them, you-all-formal) |
| What does each of the indirect object pronouns mean? | me (me) te (you-familiar) le (him, her, you-formal) nos (us) os (you-all-familiar) les (them, you-all-formal) |
| What is the direct object in the following sentence? Kathy gave Nan a present. | Present |
| What is the direct object in the following sentence? Recently, Grandma gave several rare stamps to my brother and sister. | Stamps |
| What is the direct object in the following sentence? Take the morning paper to Dad. | Paper |
| What is the indirect object in the following sentence? Rico handed his homework paper to Gale. | None! |
| What is the indirect object in the following sentence? Did Liz send Jennifer and Megan some postcards? | Jennifer and Megan |
| What is the indirect object in the following sentence? Take Mom the morning paper. | Mom |
| Complete the following sentences with el complement de objeto indirect le o les. Marta y Susie _____ el mensaje a las chicas | les |
| Complete the following sentences with el complement de objeto indirect le o les. La professor _____ explicó las palabras a los estudiantes. | les |
| Complete the following sentences with el complement de objeto indirect le o les. Ignacio _____ escribió una carta a abuelito. | le |
| La La Rule | When both the direct and indirect objects are in the third person, change the indirect object pronoun to SE. |
| RID | The order in which to place pronouns in a sentence. (Reflexive, Indirect Object, Direct Object) |
Created by:
mattneider