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SS 8 chp. 5 study gu
SS 8 chp. 5 study guide
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| checks and balances | a system established by the Constitution that prevents any branch of government from becoming too powerful |
| Constitutional Convention | a meeting held in Philadelphia which delegates from the states wrote the Constitution |
| Federalism | U.S. system of government in which power is distributed between a central government and individual states |
| James Madison | American statesman and delegate at Constitutional Convention,author of the Federalist Papers, called the "Father of the Constitution" |
| Legislative Branch | the division of the government that proposes bills and passes them into law |
| Three-fifths Compromise | an agreement worked out at the Constitutional Convention stating that only three-fifths of the slaves in a state would count when determining it's population |
| Nationalism | a sense of pride and devotion to a nation |
| Popular sovereignty | the idea that political authority belongs to the people |
| William Paterson | delegate from NJ; proposed the New Jersey Plan( small state plan) |
| Under the Articles of Confederation, how did the power of the national government compare to that of the state? | The state governments held most of the power, even being able to refuse requests from the Congress |
| What impact did the Virginia Statue | Establish precedent of freedom of religion |
| What was the purpose of the Land Ordinance of 1785? | To set up a system for surveying and dividing western public lands |
| How did the banning of slavery in some state constitutions show the beginning of the abolitionist movement? | It set the standard for future settlements,and allowed a place for the anti-slavery movement to grow |
| What important rights did the Northwest Ordinance of 1787 provide? | Civil liberties, public education, freedom from slavery |
| What were the Articles of Confederation? | The document that created the first U.S. government |
| What was the Magna Carta, and why was it important? | It was a document signed by King John of England in 1215 that made the king subject to law; it was a big step in limiting the power of rulers |
| What two principles were common to state constitutions written during the Revolutionary War? | Limited government and rules to protect the rights of the citizens |
| Why was the Confederation Congress unable to solve America's economic problems? | The Confederation Congress did not have the authority to pass tariffs or to order the states to do so |
| What was the cause of inflation in the new nation, and how could it have been prevented? | Some states began printing large amounts of paper money, and little could be done to stop them |
| What led to Shay's Rebellion? | Growing anger among Massachusetts farmers over the state's economic policies, which led to rising debts and the risk of losing their farms, having to serve time in debtor's prison, or having to sell their labor |
| What is the difference between debtors and creditors? | Debtors = people who owe money Creditors = people who lend money |
| How did some states address the problems of the weak national government? | Some states sent delegates to the Annapolis Convention; some delegates called for a Constitutional Convention |
| How did the weaknesses of the Article of Confederation affect U.S. relations with other nations? | The United States appeared weak because it had no army to enforce treaties to give it a position of power in negotiations |
| Why did some people believe the national government under the Articles of Confederation needed to change? | Because the weaknesses of the Article of Confederation caused problems with foreign nations, international trade issues, domestic economic problems, and Shay's Rebellion |
| How did states printing more paper money lead to inflation? | The money had no real value because the states did not have gold or silver reserves to back it up. |
| What are some powers not specifically assigned to the federal government that states have? | States control over the government functions not specifically assigned to federal government; control of local government, education, chartering of corporations, and supervision of religious bodies; have power to create and oversee civil and criminal law |
| What were some of the issues that divided delegates at the Constitutional Convention: | How much to change the Articles and differing ideas about representation, how strong to make the government, economic concerns such as tariffs, and issues such as slavery |
| How did the Great Compromise combine elements of the Virginia and New Jersey plans? | Virginia Plan- Bicameral legislature, representation in lower house based on population New Jersey Plan - Representation in upper house equal |
| Do you think the Great Compromise shared power equally between large and small states? Explain | Answers may vary, support your answers with evidence |
| What was the Bill of Rights? | The first ten amendments to the Constitution; proposed amendments to protect citizen's rights |
| How did the views on slavery differ between Governor Morris and John Rutledge? | 5-3 |
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jlaba