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Science

QuestionAnswer
The passing of traits from parents to offspring is…? Heredity
2. Different forms of the same gene are known as…? 2. Different forms of the same gene are known as…? Alleles
3. An organism that has two identical alleles for a trait (such as SS) is…? Homozygous
4. How many chromosomes are present in a human sex cell? 23
5. What is found inside the nucleus that controls all cell activities? DNA
6. What is the set of instructions for each characteristic that are donated by the parent to the offspring called? 6. What is the set of instructions for each characteristic that are donated by the parent to the offspring called? genes
7. The actual inherited combination of alleles (Bb, BB, or bb) is known as the offspring’s …? 7. The actual inherited combination of alleles (Bb, BB, or bb) is known as the offspring’s …? genotype
8. The organism’s appearance is known as its..? 8. The organism’s appearance is known as its..? phenotype
9. If two plants are crossed, Tt x Tt, what is the probability that the offspring plants will show the recessive trait? (Hint: use a Punnett square to help you) 9. If two plants are crossed, Tt x Tt, what is the probability that the offspring plants will show the recessive trait? (Hint: use a Punnett square to help you) 25%
10. What are chromosomes? 10. What are chromosomes? Bundles of DNA
11. In a DNA molecule, what bases pair together? 11. In a DNA molecule, what bases pair together? thymine w/adenine, cytosine w/guanine
12. What would be the complimentary strand to this DNA sequence: TAGGCTA? 12. What would be the complimentary strand to this DNA sequence: TAGGCTA? ATCCGAT
13. If a plant has 20 chromosomes in its egg cells, how many chromosomes would its leaf cell contain? 40
14. How are sex cells different from other human cells? 14. How are sex cells different from other human cells? They have half the number of chromosomes.
15. What does the genotype Tt mean to geneticists? 15. What does the genotype Tt mean to geneticists? One dominant and one recessive allele.
16. What does a Punnett square show? 16. What does a Punnett square show? All the possible outcome of a genetic cross.
17. What is a heterozygous organism? 17. What is a heterozygous organism? It has two different alleles for a trait.
18. Why do cells need to produce new cells? 18. Why do cells need to produce new cells? To replace cell that have died
19. Genes are located on…? 19. Genes are located on…? chromosomes
20. If an organism has 40 chromosomes in its body cells, how may chromosomes would be in its egg cell? 20
21. How many chromosomes do humans have? 46
22. Before a cell divides, what must happen? 22. Before a cell divides, what must happen? Make a copy of DNA.
23. What is the change in the nucleotide sequence of a gene called? 23. What is the change in the nucleotide sequence of a gene called? Mutation.
24. Who is called the Father of Scientific Identification? 24. Who is called the Father of Scientific Identification? Alphonse Bertillon.
25. Who is called the Father of Genetics? 25. Who is called the Father of Genetics? Gregor Mendel.
 

 



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