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Lit Terms pt.2
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Adjective | The part of speech (or word class) that modifies a noun or a pronoun. |
| Adverb | The part of speech (or word class) that modifies a verb, adjective, or other adverb. |
| Allegory | Extending a metaphor so that objects, persons, and actions in a text are equated with meanings that lie outside the text. |
| Alliteration | The repetition of an initial consonant sound. |
| Ambiguity | The presence of two or more possible meanings in any passage. |
| Analogy | Reasoning or arguing from parallel cases. |
| Anaphora | The repetition of the same word or phrase at the beginning of successive clauses or verses. |
| Antecedent | The noun or noun phrase referred to by a pronoun. |
| Antithesis | The juxtaposition of contrasting ideas in balanced phrases. |
| Appeal to Authority | A fallacy in which a speaker or writer seeks to persuade not by giving evidence but by appealing to the respect people have for a famous person or institution. |
| Appeal to Ignorance | A fallacy that uses an opponent's inability to disprove a conclusion as proof of the conclusion's correctness. |
| Assonance | The identity or similarity in sound between internal vowels in neighboring words |
| Asyndeton | The omission of conjunctions between words, phrases, or clauses (opposite of polysyndeton). |
| Chiasmus | A verbal pattern in which the second half of an expression is balanced against the first but with the parts reversed. |
| Circular Argument | An argument that commits the logical fallacy of assuming what it is attempting to prove. |
| Concession | An argumentative strategy by which a speaker or writer acknowledges the validity of an opponent's point |
| Coordination | The grammatical connection of two or more ideas to give them equal emphasis and importance. Contrast with subordination. |
| Deduction | A method of reasoning in which a conclusion follows necessarily from the stated premises. |
| Denotation | The direct or dictionary meaning of a word, in contrast to its figurative or associated meanings. |
| Didactic | Intended or inclined to teach or instruct, often excessively |
| Encomium | A tribute or eulogy in prose or verse glorifying people, objects, ideas, or events. |
| Epiphora | The repetition of a word or phrase at the end of several clauses. (Also known as epistrophe.) |
| Hasty Generalization | A fallacy in which a conclusion is not logically justified by sufficient or unbiased evidence. |
| Induction | A method of reasoning by which a rhetor collects a number of instances and forms a generalization that is meant to apply to all instances |
| Invective | Denunciatory or abusive language; discourse that casts blame on somebody or something. |
| Isocolon | A succession of phrases of approximately equal length and corresponding structure. |
| Jargon | The specialized language of a professional, occupational, or other group, often meaningless to outsiders. |
| Litotes | A figure of speech consisting of an understatement in which an affirmative is expressed by negating its opposite |
| Metonymy | A figure of speech in which one word or phrase is substituted for another with which it is closely associated (such as "crown" for "royalty"). |
| Mode of Discourse | The way in which information is presented in a text. The four traditional modes are narration, description, exposition, and argument. |
| Predicate | One of the two main parts of a sentence or clause, modifying the subject and including the verb, objects, or phrases governed by the verb |
| Prose | Ordinary writing (both fiction and nonfiction) as distinguished from verse. |
| Refutation | The part of an argument wherein a speaker or writer anticipates and counters opposing points of view. |
| Running Style | Sentence style that appears to follow the mind as it worries a problem through, mimicking the "rambling, associative syntax of conversation"--the opposite of periodic sentence style. |
| Style | Narrowly interpreted as those figures that ornament speech or writing; broadly, as representing a manifestation of the person speaking or writing. |
| Syllogism | A form of deductive reasoning consisting of a major premise, a minor premise, and a conclusion. |
| Synecdoche | A figure of speech in which a part is used to represent the whole or the whole for a part. |
| Zeugma | The use of a word to modify or govern two or more words although its use may be grammatically or logically correct with only one. |
Created by:
danat214
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